Depressive symptoms are independently associated with cirrhosis in untreated subjects with Chronic Hepatitis C infection

Authors

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.33448/rsd-v9i11.10075

Keywords:

Hepatitis C; Depression; Depressive disorder; Cross-sectional studies.

Abstract

Objectives: Depression has shown to be a major public health problem, and is often reported in people with chronic hepatitis C infection. However, little is known about the role of liver fibrosis in predicting depressive symptoms among untreated patients. This study aimed to assess depressive symptoms among HCV-untreated patients, and to explore its association with liver fibrosis. Methods: A propensity score matched cross-sectional study was conducted on 154 subjects with CHC infection. Depression was defined as a score greater than 11 points to depression symptomatology in the Beck Depression Inventory-II. Results: The prevalence of depressive symptoms was 42.9%, and affected predominantly females, aged ≥ 45 years, who had an overall lower education level, without a history of current or previous use of antidepressants or anxiolytics. Median BDI-II score was 6 (IQR, 3 – 16) and 12 (IQR, 6 – 19) for the non-cirrhotic and cirrhotic group, respectively. Depressive symptoms were more frequent in compensated cirrhotic subjects than non-cirrhotic subjects, despite controlling for a range of demographic variables and comorbid conditions. Conclusions: HCV-untreated subjects have an elevated prevalence of depressive symptoms. This is especially relevant among those with cirrhosis, and should raise the awareness of this condition to health professionals.

References

Adinolfi, L. E., Nevola, R., Rinaldi, L., Romano, C., & Giordano, M. (2017). Chronic Hepatitis C Virus Infection and Depression. Clinics in Liver Disease, 21(3), 517–534. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cld.2017.03.007

Batista-Neves, S. C., Quarantini, L. C., de Almeida, A. G., Bressan, R. A., Lacerda, A. L., De-Oliveira, I. R., Paraná, R., & Miranda-Scippa, Â. (2008). High frequency of unrecognized mental disorders in HCV-infected patients. General Hospital Psychiatry, 30(1), 80–82. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.genhosppsych.2007.08.014

Beck, A. T. (1961). An Inventory for Measuring Depression. Archives of General Psychiatry, 4(6), 561. https://doi.org/10.1001/archpsyc.1961.01710120031004

Bianchi, G., Marchesini, G., Nicolino, F., Graziani, R., Sgarbi, D., Loguercio, C., Abbiati, R., & Zoli, M. (2005). Psychological status and depression in patients with liver cirrhosis. Digestive and Liver Disease, 37(8), 593–600. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.dld.2005.01.020

Bisschop, M. I., Kriegsman, D. M. ., Beekman, A. T. ., & Deeg, D. J. . (2004). Chronic diseases and depression: the modifying role of psychosocial resources. Social Science & Medicine, 59(4), 721–733. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.socscimed.2003.11.038

Blasiole, J. A. (2006). Mental and physical symptoms associated with lower social support for patients with hepatitis C. World Journal of Gastroenterology, 12(29), 4665. https://doi.org/10.3748/wjg.v12.i27.4665

Bush, K. (1998). The AUDIT Alcohol Consumption Questions (AUDIT-C) - An Effective Brief Screening Test for Problem Drinking. Archives of Internal Medicine, 158(16), 1789. https://doi.org/10.1001/archinte.158.16.1789

Gallach, M., Vergara, M., da Costa, J. P., Miquel, M., Casas, M., Sanchez-Delgado, J., Dalmau, B., Rudi, N., Parra, I., Monllor, T., Sanchez-Lloansí, M., Dosal, A., Valero, O., & Calvet, X. (2018). Impact of treatment with direct-acting antivirals on anxiety and depression in chronic hepatitis C. PLOS ONE, 13(12), e0208112. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0208112

Gomes-Oliveira, M. H., Gorenstein, C., Neto, F. L., Andrade, L. H., & Wang, Y. P. (2012). Validation of the Brazilian Portuguese Version of the Beck Depression Inventory-II in a community sample. Revista Brasileira de Psiquiatria, 34(4), 389–394. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.rbp.2012.03.005

Iriana, S., Curry, M. P., & Afdhal, N. H. (2017). Neurologic Manifestations of Hepatitis C Virus Infection. Clinics in Liver Disease, 21(3), 535–542. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cld.2017.03.008

Nelligan, J. A., Loftis, J. M., Matthews, A. M., Zucker, B. L., Linke, A. M., & Hauser, P. (2008). Depression Comorbidity and Antidepressant Use in Veterans With Chronic Hepatitis C. The Journal of Clinical Psychiatry, 69(5), 810–816. https://doi.org/10.4088/JCP.v69n0514

Raison, C. L., Borisov, A. S., Broadwell, S. D., Capuron, L., Woolwine, B. J., Jacobson, I. M., Nemeroff, C. B., & Miller, A. H. (2005). Depression During Pegylated Interferon-Alpha Plus Ribavirin Therapy. The Journal of Clinical Psychiatry, 66(01), 41–48. https://doi.org/10.4088/JCP.v66n0106

Silva, M. T., Galvao, T. F., Martins, S. S., & Pereira, M. G. (2014). Prevalence of depression morbidity among Brazilian adults: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Revista Brasileira de Psiquiatria, 36(3), 262–270. https://doi.org/10.1590/1516-4446-2013-1294

Wang, Y.-P., & Gorenstein, C. (2013). Psychometric properties of the Beck Depression Inventory-II: a comprehensive review. Revista Brasileira de Psiquiatria, 35(4), 416–431. https://doi.org/10.1590/1516-4446-2012-1048

Downloads

Published

25/11/2020

How to Cite

POTT JUNIOR, H.; POTT, E. T. B. .; MORETTO, R. .; SENISE, J. F. .; CASTELO, A. . Depressive symptoms are independently associated with cirrhosis in untreated subjects with Chronic Hepatitis C infection. Research, Society and Development, [S. l.], v. 9, n. 11, p. e52291110075, 2020. DOI: 10.33448/rsd-v9i11.10075. Disponível em: https://rsdjournal.org/index.php/rsd/article/view/10075. Acesso em: 8 nov. 2024.

Issue

Section

Health Sciences