Avian Salmonellosis
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.33448/rsd-v10i4.13835Keywords:
Avian salmonellosis; Chicken; Poultry.Abstract
Avian salmonellosis is a term used to refer to the three different types of bacterial diseases caused by the genus Salmonella sp (pulorosis, avian typhus and avian paratyph) in domestic birds. Pulorosis has its etiology related to Salmonella pullorum, avian typhus to Salmonella gallinarum and avian paratyph to all other enteric pathogenic serotypes. The three diseases can affect domestic birds of any age, causing unspecific and systemic clinical signs, with acute and chronic conditions that can be confused with other bacteriosis. Worldwide, these diseases are responsible for impacting the Brazilian economy and public health. Transmission can occur via vertical and horizontal routes and indirect contact with contaminated food, drinking water, vectors and fomites. The diagnosis of sick birds can be performed based on history, clinical signs, anatomopathological findings and laboratory tests that include the identification of agents by bacterial isolation, rapid serum agglutination in plates, slow serum agglutination in tubes and polymerase chain reaction (PCR ). As there is no antibiotic treatment that completely eliminates the infection in birds, control and prevention measures are indispensable in the control of these diseases. This article is a literature review and aims to know the theoretical framework for the disease and its agents, in addition to the possibility of clarifying the importance of prevention and control of this microorganism, due to the infectious and zoonotic nature of the disease, which can cause numerous economic losses and also negative impacts on public health.
References
Andreatti Filho, R. L. Paratifo aviário. Saúde aviária e doenças. Rocca, 2006.
Andreatti Filho, R. L., Higgins, J. P., Higgins, S. E., Gaona, G., Wolfenden, A. D., Tellez, G., & Hargis, B. M. (2007). Ability of bacteriophages isolated from different sources to reduce Salmonella enterica serovar Enteritidis in vitro and in vivo. Poultry science, 86(9), 1904-1909.
Bao, H., Zhang, H., & Wang, R. (2011). Isolation and characterization of bacteriophages of Salmonella enterica serovar Pullorum. Poultry science, 90(10), 2370-2377.
Barancelli, G. V., Martin, J. G. P., & Porto, E. (2012). Salmonella em ovos: relação entre produção e consumo seguro. Segurança Alimentar e Nutricional, 19(2), 73-82.
Barrow, P. A., & Neto, O. F. (2011). Pullorum disease and fowl typhoid—new thoughts on old diseases: a review. Avian pathology, 40(1), 1-13.
Berchieri Jr, A., & Freitas Neto, O. C. (2000). Salmoneloses aviárias. Doenças das aves, 185-195.
Brasil. Ministry of Health (2018). Foodborne diseases outbreaks in Brazil. Secretary of Health Surveillance, Brasília, Distrito Federal. http://portalarquivos2.saude.gov.br/images/pdf/2018/janeiro/1 7/Apresentacao-Surtos-DTA-2018.pdf
CHATAIN-LY, M. H. (2014). The factors affecting effectiveness of treatment in phages therapy. Frontiers in microbiology, 5, 51.
Chen, C., Li, J., Zhang, H., Xie, Y., Xiong, L., Liu, H., & Wang, F. (2020). Effects of a probiotic on the growth performance, intestinal flora, and immune function of chicks infected with Salmonella pullorum. Poultry Science, 99(11), 5316-5323.
Costa, R. G., Festivo, M. L., Araujo, M. S., Reis, E. M., Lázaro, N. S., & Rodrigues, D. P. (2013). Antimicrobial susceptibility and serovars of Salmonella circulating in commercial poultry carcasses and poultry products in Brazil. Journal of food protection, 76(12), 2011-2017.
De Carli, S., Gräf, T., Kipper, D., Lehmann, F. K. M., Zanetti, N., Siqueira, F. M., & Lunge, V. R. (2017). Molecular and phylogenetic analyses of Salmonella Gallinarum trace the origin and diversification of recent outbreaks of fowl typhoid in poultry farms. Veterinary microbiology, 212, 80-86.
FAO. Food and agriculture organization of the united nations - fao. agriculture outlook 2015. (20a ed.), oecd-fao publishing, 2015. 148 p. available at: www.fao.org/3/a-i4738e.pdf.
Feng, Y., Johnston, R. N., Liu, G. R., & Liu, S. L. (2013). Genomic comparison between Salmonella Gallinarum and Pullorum: differential pseudogene formation under common host restriction. PLoS One, 8(3), e59427.
Foley, S. L., Johnson, T. J., Ricke, S. C., Nayak, R., & Danzeisen, J. (2013). Salmonella pathogenicity and host adaptation in chicken-associated serovars. Microbiology and Molecular Biology Reviews, 77(4), 582-607.
Gadotti, D. L., Maciel, P. B., Rebelatto, R., Duarte, S. C., & Dezen, D. (2020). Genotypic diversity of Salmonella ser. Gallinarum strains isolated from 2012 to 2016 in Brazil. Turkish Journal of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, 44(1), 146-150.
Gaggìa, F., Mattarelli, P., & Biavati, B. (2010). Probiotics and prebiotics in animal feeding for safe food production. International journal of food microbiology, 141, S15-S28.
Golden, C. E., & Mishra, A. (2020). Prevalence of Salmonella and Campylobacter spp. in Alternative and Conventionally Produced Chicken in the United States: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis. Journal of food protection, 83(7), 1181-1197.
Gong, J., Xu, M., Zhu, C., Miao, J., Liu, X., Xu, B., & Jia, X. (2013). Antimicrobial resistance, presence of integrons and biofilm formation of Salmonella Pullorum isolates from eastern China (1962–2010). Avian Pathology, 42(3), 290-294.
Guard, J., Sanchez-Ingunza, R., Morales, C., Stewart, T., Liljebjelke, K., Van Kessel, J., & Hinton Jr, A. (2012). Comparison of dkgB-linked intergenic sequence ribotyping to DNA microarray hybridization for assigning serotype to Salmonella enterica. FEMS microbiology letters, 337(1), 61-72.
Haider, M. G., Chowdhury, E. H., Ahmed, A. K. M., & Hossain, M. M. (2012). Experimental pathogenesis of pullorum disease in chicks by local isolate of Salmonella Pullorum in Bangladesh. Journal of the Bangladesh Agricultural University, 10(452-2016-35560), 87-94.
Hernandez-Patlan, D., Solis-Cruz, B., Pontin, K. P., Latorre, J. D., Baxter, M. F., Hernandez-Velasco, X., & Tellez, G. (2018). Evaluation of a solid dispersion of curcumin with polyvinylpyrrolidone and boric acid against Salmonella Enteritidis infection and intestinal permeability in broiler chickens: A pilot study. Frontiers in microbiology, 9, 1289.
Huyghebaert, G., Ducatelle, R., & Van Immerseel, F. (2011). An update on alternatives to antimicrobial growth promoters for broilers. The Veterinary Journal, 187(2), 182-188.
Kogut, M. H. (2019). The effect of microbiome modulation on the intestinal health of poultry. Animal feed science and technology, 250, 32-40.
Kumari, D., Mishra, S. K., & Lather, D. (2013). Pathomicrobial studies on Salmonella Gallinarum infection in broiler chickens. Veterinary world, 6(10), 725.
Jajere, S. M., Hassan, L., Aziz, S. A., Zakaria, Z., Abu, J., Nordin, F., & Faiz, N. M. (2019). Salmonella in native “village” chickens (Gallus domesticus): prevalence and risk factors from farms in South-Central Peninsular Malaysia. Poultry science, 98(11), 5961-5970.
Joerger, R. D., & Ganguly, A. (2018). Current Status of the Preharvest Application of Pro‐and Prebiotics to Farm Animals to Enhance the Microbial Safety of Animal Products. Preharvest Food Safety, 349-360.
Lebdah, M. A., Eid, A. A., Nasef, S. A., & Hamad, E. M. (2017). Phenotypic and genotypic characterization of paratyphoid Salmonellae isolated from poultry in Delta Area-Egypt. Zagazig Veterinary Journal, 45(3), 262-272.
Lee, S. K., Chon, J. W., Song, K. Y., Hyeon, J. Y., Moon, J. S., & Seo, K. H. (2013). Prevalence, characterization, and antimicrobial susceptibility of Salmonella Gallinarum isolated from eggs produced in conventional or organic farms in South Korea. Poultry science, 92(10), 2789-2797.
Li, X., Nie, C., Zhang, Z., Wang, Q., Shao, P., Zhao, Q., & Qu, L. (2018). Evaluation of genetic resistance to Salmonella Pullorum in three chicken lines. Poultry science, 97(3), 764-769.
Liljebjelke, K. A., Hofacre, C. L., White, D. G., Ayers, S., Lee, M. D., & Maurer, J. J. (2017). Diversity of antimicrobial resistance phenotypes in Salmonella isolated from commercial poultry farms. Frontiers in veterinary science, 4, 96.
Lúcio, C. J., Mathias, J. B., Júnior, C. M. L., Flores, S. J. V. S., & Teixeira, F. M. X. A. (2019). Occurrence of salmonella spp. in broiler chicken feces in the central region of the state of Minas Gerais, Brazil. Revista de Patologia Tropical/Journal of Tropical Pathology, 48(2), 79-86.
Ma, Y. H., Islam, G. S., Wu, Y., Sabour, P. M., Chambers, J. R., Wang, Q., & Griffiths, M. W. (2016). Temporal distribution of encapsulated bacteriophages during passage through the chick gastrointestinal tract. Poultry science, 95(12), 2911-2920.
Mahmoud, M., Askora, A., Barakat, A. B., Rabie, O. E. F., & Hassan, S. E. (2018). Isolation and characterization of polyvalent bacteriophages infecting multi drug resistant Salmonella serovars isolated from broilers in Egypt. International journal of food microbiology, 266, 8-13.
Menconi, A., Wolfenden, A. D., Shivaramaiah, S., Terraes, J. C., Urbano, T., Kuttel, J., & Tellez, G. (2011). Effect of lactic acid bacteria probiotic culture for the treatment of Salmonella enterica serovar Heidelberg in neonatal broiler chickens and turkey poults. Poultry science, 90(3), 561-565.
Mendonça, E. P., Melo, R. T., Oliveira, M. R., Monteiro, G. P., Peres, P. A., Fonseca, B. B., & Rossi, D. A. (2020). Characteristics of virulence, resistance and genetic diversity of strains of Salmonella Infantis isolated from broiler chicken in Brazil. Pesquisa Veterinária Brasileira, 40(1), 29-38.
Monte, D. F., Lincopan, N., Berman, H., Cerdeira, L., Keelara, S., Thakur, S., & Landgraf, M. (2019). Genomic features of high-priority Salmonella enterica serovars circulating in the food production chain, Brazil, 2000–2016. Scientific reports, 9(1), 1-12.
Moreno, L. Z., Gomes, V. T., Moreira, J., de Oliveira, C. H., Peres, B. P., Silva, A. P. S., & Moreno, A. M. (2019). First report of mcr-1-harboring Salmonella enterica serovar Schwarzengrund isolated from poultry meat in Brazil. Diagnostic microbiology and infectious disease, 93(4), 376-379.
Nabil, N. M., Tawakol, M. M., & Hassan, H. M. (2018). Assessing the impact of bacteriophages in the treatment of Salmonella in broiler chickens. Infection ecology & epidemiology, 8(1), 1539056.
OIE. 2020. World Organisation for Animal Health- Disease information. http:// www.oie.int/wahis 2/public/wahid.php/Diseaseinformation/statusdetail
Oladeinde, A., Cook, K., Lakin, S. M., Woyda, R., Abdo, Z., Looft, T., & Glenn, T. (2019). Horizontal gene transfer and acquired antibiotic resistance in Salmonella enterica Serovar Heidelberg following in vitro incubation in broiler ceca. Applied and environmental microbiology, 85(22).
Pal, S., Dey, S., Batabyal, K., Banerjee, A., Joardar, S. N., Samanta, I., & Isore, D. P. (2017). Characterization of Salmonella Gallinarum isolates from backyard poultry by polymerase chain reaction detection of invasion (invA) and Salmonella plasmid virulence (spvC) genes. Veterinary world, 10(7), 814.
Pandini, J. A., Pinto, F. G. D. S., Muller, J. M., Weber, L. D., & Moura, A. C. D. (2015). Occurrence and antimicrobial resistance profile of Salmonella spp. serotypes isolated from poultry farms in Paraná, Brazil. Arquivos do Instituto Biológico, 82.
Park, J. H., Kim, H. S., Yim, J. H., Kim, Y. J., Kim, D. H., Chon, J. W., & Seo, K. H. (2017). Comparison of the isolation rates and characteristics of Salmonella isolated from antibiotic-free and conventional chicken meat samples. Poultry science, 96(8), 2831-2838.
Parvej, M. S., Nazir, K. N. H., Rahman, M. B., Jahan, M., Khan, M. F. R., & Rahman, M. (2016). Prevalence and characterization of multi-drug resistant Salmonella Enterica serovar Gallinarum biovar Pullorum and Gallinarum from chicken. Veterinary world, 9(1), 65.
Penha Filho, R. A. C., de Paiva, J. B., da Silva, M. D., de Almeida, A. M., & Junior, A. B. (2010). Control of Salmonella Enteritidis and Salmonella Gallinarum in birds by using live vaccine candidate containing attenuated Salmonella Gallinarum mutant strain. Vaccine, 28(16), 2853-2859.
Penha Filho, R. A. C., Ferreira, J. C., Kanashiro, A. M. I., Darini, A. L. D. C., & Berchieri Junior, A. (2016). Antimicrobial susceptibility of Salmonella Gallinarum and Salmonella Pullorum isolated from ill poultry in Brazil. Ciência Rural, 46(3), 513-518.
Perin, A. P., Martins, B. T. F., Barreiros, M. A. B., Yamatogi, R. S., Nero, L. A., & dos Santos Bersot, L. (2020). Occurrence, quantification, pulse types, and antimicrobial susceptibility of Salmonella sp. isolated from chicken meat in the state of Paraná, Brazil. Brazilian Journal of Microbiology, 51(1), 335-345.
Pineiro, M., Asp, N. G., Reid, G., Macfarlane, S., Morelli, L., Brunser, O., & Tuohy, K. (2008). FAO Technical meeting on prebiotics. Journal of clinical gastroenterology, 42, S156-S159.
Pulido‐Landínez, M., Sánchez‐Ingunza, R., Guard, J., & Nascimento, V. P. D. (2013). Assignment of serotype to S almonella enterica isolates obtained from poultry and their environment in southern Brazil. Letters in applied microbiology, 57(4), 288-294.
Pulido-Landínez, M. (2019). Food safety-Salmonella update in broilers. Animal Feed Science and Technology, 250, 53-58.
Revolledo, L., & Ferreira, A. J. P. (2012). Current perspectives in avian salmonellosis: vaccines and immune mechanisms of protection. Journal of Applied Poultry Research, 21(2), 418-431.
Rivera-Pérez, W., Barquero-Calvo, E., & Zamora-Sanabria, R. (2014). Salmonella contamination risk points in broiler carcasses during slaughter line processing. Journal of food protection, 77(12), 2031-2034.
Roberts, T., Wilson, J., Guthrie, A., Cookson, K., Vancraeynest, D., Schaeffer, J., & Clark, S. (2015). New issues and science in broiler chicken intestinal health: Emerging technology and alternative interventions. Journal of Applied Poultry Research, 24(2), 257-266.
Rocha, P. T., Mesquita, A. J. D., Andrade, M. A., Louly, P. R., & Nascimento, M. N. (2003). Salmonella spp. em forros de caixa de transporte e órgãos de pintos de um dia. Arquivo brasileiro de medicina veterinária e zootecnia, 55(6), 672-676.
Romero-Barrios, P., Deckert, A., Parmley, E. J., & Leclair, D. (2020). Antimicrobial Resistance Profiles of Escherichia coli and Salmonella Isolates in Canadian Broiler Chickens and Their Products. Foodborne Pathogens and Disease, 17(11), 672-678.
Shanmugasundaram, R., Mortada, M., Cosby, D. E., Singh, M., Applegate, T. J., Syed, B., & Selvaraj, R. K. (2019). Synbiotic supplementation to decrease Salmonella colonization in the intestine and carcass contamination in broiler birds. Plos one, 14(10), e0223577.
Seo, K. W., Kim, J. J., Mo, I. P., & Lee, Y. J. (2019). Molecular characteristic of antimicrobial resistance of Salmonella Gallinarum isolates from chickens in Korea, 2014 to 2018. Poultry science, 98(11), 5416-5423.
Sever, N. K., & Akan, M. (2019). Molecular analysis of virulence genes of Salmonella Infantis isolated from chickens and turkeys. Microbial pathogenesis, 126, 199-204.
Voss-Rech, D., Vaz, C. S., Alves, L., Coldebella, A., Leão, J. A., Rodrigues, D. P., & Back, A. (2015). A temporal study of Salmonella enterica serotypes from broiler farms in Brazil. Poultry Science, 94(3), 433-441.
Voss-Rech, D., Kramer, B., Silva, V. S., Rebelatto, R., Abreu, P. G., Coldebella, A., & Vaz, C. S. L. (2019). Longitudinal study reveals persistent environmental Salmonella Heidelberg in Brazilian broiler farms. Veterinary microbiology, 233, 118-123.
Wang, L. C., Zhang, T. T., Wen, C., Jiang, Z. Y., Wang, T., & Zhou, Y. M. (2012). Protective effects of zinc-bearing clinoptilolite on broilers challenged withSalmonella pullorum. Poultry science, 91(8), 1838-1845.
Wei, B., Shang, K., Cha, S. Y., Zhang, J. F., Kang, M., & Jang, H. K. (2020). Prevalence and potential risk of Salmonella enterica in migratory birds from South Korea. Veterinary Microbiology, 249, 108829.
Wibisono, F. M., Wibisono, F. J., Effendi, M. H., Plumeriastuti, H., Hidayatullah, A. R., Hartadi, E. B., & Sofiana, E. D. (2020). A review of salmonellosis on poultry farms: public health importance. Systematic Reviews in Pharmacy, 11(9), 481-486.
Ximenes, E., Ku, S., Hoagland, L., & Ladisch, M. R. (2019). Accelerated sample preparation for fast salmonella detection in poultry products. In Foodborne Bacterial Pathogens (pp. 3-20). Humana, New York, NY.
Xu, Z., Wang, M., Zhou, C., Gu, G., Liang, J., Hou, X., & Wei, P. (2020). Prevalence and antimicrobial resistance of retail-meat-borne Salmonella in southern China during the years 2009–2016: The diversity of contamination and the resistance evolution of multidrug-resistant isolates. International Journal of Food Microbiology, 333, 108790.
Zanetti, N. S., De Carli, S., Souza, M. N., Lehmann, F. K. M., Kipper, D., Dias, K. K. R., & Ikuta, N. (2019). Molecular Detection and Characterization of Salmonella Gallinarum From Poultry Farms in Brazil. Journal of Applied Poultry Research, 28(4), 1335-1341.
Zhao, X., Hu, M., Zhang, Q., Zhao, C., Zhang, Y., Li, L., & Liu, Y. (2020). Characterization of integrons and antimicrobial resistance in Salmonella from broilers in Shandong, China. Poultry Science, 99(12), 7046-7054.
Ziba, M. W., Bowa, B., Romantini, R., Di Marzio, V., Marfoglia, C., Antoci, S., & Pomilio, F. (2020). Occurrence and antimicrobial resistance of Salmonella spp. in broiler chicken neck skin from slaughterhouses in Zambia. Journal of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Health, 12(2), 85-90.
Downloads
Published
How to Cite
Issue
Section
License
Copyright (c) 2021 Ariel Eurides Stella; Alisson Oliveira Costa; Gisele da Fonseca Ventura ; Micael Siegert Schimmunech; Dalila Almeida Lima; Eric Mateus Nascimento de Paula
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.
Authors who publish with this journal agree to the following terms:
1) Authors retain copyright and grant the journal right of first publication with the work simultaneously licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution License that allows others to share the work with an acknowledgement of the work's authorship and initial publication in this journal.
2) Authors are able to enter into separate, additional contractual arrangements for the non-exclusive distribution of the journal's published version of the work (e.g., post it to an institutional repository or publish it in a book), with an acknowledgement of its initial publication in this journal.
3) Authors are permitted and encouraged to post their work online (e.g., in institutional repositories or on their website) prior to and during the submission process, as it can lead to productive exchanges, as well as earlier and greater citation of published work.
