Phytogenic additives: essential oils for broilers - review
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.33448/rsd-v9i3.2325Keywords:
Poultry farming; Antibiotic growth promoter; Plant Extract.Abstract
Phytogenic additives have been shown to act as a substitute for antibiotics because of their functionality in breaking up bacterial membranes, being effective in combating microorganisms and acting as antioxidants. Used in a strategic way, in promoting action, it will mainly favor the intestinal condition, increasing the zootechnical gains and increasing the prevention of pathologies associated with bacteria or fungi. Therefore, the aim of this review was to seek scientific information on what are the phytogenic additives, their compositions and mode of action and the applicability with the results obtained through their use in broiler feed. For this review an analysis was made of scientific studies that studied which are the main additives and their active principles, as well as their mode of action of essential oils and which plants have potential to be used as phytogenic additives, evidencing their effects on food. of broiler chickens. It is concluded that the use of phytogenic actives in the form of essential oils can be used in chicken feed, providing improvements in the intestinal health of birds and consequently improvement in their productive performance. Even if its positive points are shown, some conditions still need to be elucidated, such as dose / action relationship and association of the various active principles belonging to the phytogenic additives, which may provide several new studies.
References
Associação Brasileira de proteína Animal. Associação Brasileira de proteína Animal. Relatório anual 2018. São Paulo; 2018.
Abudabos, A. M., Alyemni, A. H., Dafalla, Y. M., & Khan, R. U. (2018). The effect of phytogenics on growth traits, blood biochemical and intestinal histology in broiler chickens exposed to Clostridium perfringens challenge. Journal Applied Animal Research, 46(1): 691-695.
Amad, A. A., Männer, K., Wendler, K. R., Neumann, K., & Zentek, J. (2011). Effects of a phytogenic feed additive on growth performance and ileal nutrient digestibility in broiler chickens. Poultry Science, 90(12): 2811–2816.
An, K., Zhao, D., Wang, Z., Wu, J., Xu, Y., & Xiao, G. (2016). Comparison of different drying methods on Chinese ginger (Zingiber officinale Roscoe): Changes in volatiles, chemical profile, antioxidant properties, and microstructure. Food Chemistry, 197(1): 1292–1300.
Aroche, R., Martínez, Y., Ruan, Z., Guan, G., Waititu, S., Nyachoti, C. M., Más, D., & Lan, S. (2018). Dietary inclusion of a mixed powder of medicinal plant leaves enhances the feed efficiency and immune function in broiler chickens. Journal of Chemistry, 4073068: 1-6.
Asbahani, A. El., Miladi, K., Badri, W., Sala, M., Addi, E. H. A., Casabianca, H., Jilale, A., Renaud, F. N. R., & Elaissari, A. (2015). Essential oils: From extraction to encapsulation. International Journal of Pharmaceutics, 483(1–2): 220-243.
Asli, M., & Rashti, M. G. (2018). Comparing the effects of a combined phytogenic feed additive with an individual essential oil of oregano on intestinal morphology and microflora in broilers. Journal of Applied Animal Research, 46(1): 184-189.
Bellik Y. (2014). Total antioxidant activity and antimicrobial potency of the essential oil and oleoresin of Zingiber officinale Roscoe. Asian Pacific Journal of Tropical Disease, 4(1): 40-44.
Biswas, B., Rogers, K., McLaughlin, F., Daniels, D., & Yadav, A. (2013). Antimicrobial activities of leaf extracts of guava (Psidium guajava L.) on two gram-negative and gram-positive bacteria. International Journal of Microbiology, 746165: 1-7.
Brasil. Ministério da Agricultura, Pecuária e Abastecimento. (2004). Instrução normativa 13/2004. Regulamento técnico sobre aditivos para produtos destinados à alimentação animal.
Çabuk, M., Bozkurt, M., Alçiçek, A., Akbaþ, Y., & Küçükyýlmaz, K. (2006). Effect of a herbal essential oil mixture on growth and internal organ weight of broilers from young and old breeder flocks. South African Journal of Animal Science, 36(2): 135-141.
Calo, J. R., Crandall, P. G., O’Bryan, C. A., & Ricke, S. C. (2015). Essential oils as antimicrobials in food systems – A review. Food Control, 54(2015): 111-119.
Carnevalli, D. B., & Araújo, A. P. S. (2013). Atividade Biológica da Pimenta Preta (Piper nigrun L.): Revisão de Literatura. Uniciências, 17(1): 41-46.
Dias, M. I., Sousa, M. J., Alves, R. C., & Ferreira, I. C. F. R. (2016). Exploring plant tissue culture to improve the production of phenolic compounds: A review. Industrial Crops and Products. 82 (2016): 9-22.
Dima, C., & Dima, S. (2015). Essential oils in foods: extraction, stabilization, and toxicity. Current Opinion in Food Science, 5: 29-35.
Elkhair, R. A., Ahmed, H. A., & Selim, S. (2014). Effects of black pepper (Piper nigrum), turmeric powder (Curcuma longa) and coriander seeds (Coriandrum sativum) and their combinations as feed additives on growth performance, carcass traits, some blood parameters and humoral immune response of broiler chickens. Asian-Australasian Journal Animal Science, 27(6): 847-854.
Fotea, L., Costăchescu, E., Hoha, G., & Leonte, D. (2010). The effect of oregano essential oil (Origanum vulgare L) on broiler performance. Lucrări Ştiinţifice, 53(1): 253-256.
Franciosini, M. P., Casagrande-Proietti, P., Forte, C., Beghelli, D., Acuti, G., Zanichelli, D., Bosco, A. D., Castellini, C., & Massimo Trabalza-Marinucci, M. (2016). Effects of oregano ( Origanum vulgare L.) and rosemary ( Rosmarinus officinalis L.) aqueous extracts on broiler performance, immune function and intestinal microbial population. Journal of Applied Animal Research, 44(1): 474-479.
Fratianni, F., Ombra, M. N., Cozzolino, A., Riccardi, R., Spigno, P., Tremonte, P., Coppola, R., & Nazzaro, F. (2016). Phenolic constituents, antioxidant, antimicrobial and anti-proliferative activities of different endemic Italian varieties of garlic (Allium sativum L.). Journal of Functional Foods, 21(2016): 240-248.
Gadde, U. D., Oh, S., Lillehoj, H. S., & Lillehoj, E. P. (2018). Antibiotic growth promoters virginiamycin and bacitracin methylene disalicylate alter the chicken intestinal metabolome. Scientific Reports, 8(3592): 1-8.
Geidam, Y. A., Ambali, A. G., Onyeyili, P. A., Tijjani, M. B., Gambo, H. I., & Gulani, I. A. (2015). Antibacterial efficacy of ethyl acetate fraction of Psidium guajava leaf aqueous extract on experimental Escherichia coli (O78) infection in chickens. Veterinary World, 8(3): 358-362.
Gheisar M. M., & Kim, I. H. (2018). Phytobiotics in poultry and swine nutrition–a review. Italian Journal of Animal Science, 17(1): 92-99.
Gutiérrez, R. M. P., Mitchell, S., & Solis, R. V. (2008). Psidium guajava: A review of its traditional uses, phytochemistry and pharmacology. Journal of Ethnopharmacology, 117(1): 1-27.
İpçak, H. H., & Alçiçek, A. (2018). Addition of Capsicum oleoresin, Carvacrol, Cinnamaldehyde and their mixtures to the broiler diet II: Effects on meat quality. Journal of Animal Science and Technology, 60(9): 1-11.
Kalia, S., Bharti, V. K., Giri, A., Kumar, B., Arora, A., Balaje, S. S. (2018). Hippophae rhamnoides as novel phytogenic feed additive for broiler chickens at high altitude cold desert. Scientific Reports, 8(5954): 1-12.
Karangiya, V. K., Savsani, H. H., Patil, S. S., Garg, D. D., Murthy, K. S., Ribadiya, N. K., & Vekariya, S. J. (2016). Effect of dietary supplementation of garlic, ginger and their combination on feed intake, growth performance and economics in commercial broilers, Veterinary World, 9(3): 245-250.
Kheiri, F., Faghani, M., & Landy, N. (2018). Evaluation of thyme and ajwain as antibiotic growth promoter substitutions on growth performance, carcass characteristics and serum biochemistry in Japanese quails (Coturnix japonica). Animal Nutrition, 4(1): 79-83.
Madhupriya, V., Shamsudeen, P., Manohar, G. R., Senthilkumar, S., Soundarapandiyan, V., & Moorthy, M. (2018). Phyto feed additives in poultry nutrition-a review. International Journal of Science, Environment and Technology, 7(3): 815-822.
Mehdi, Y., Letourneau-Montminy, M. P., Gaucher, M. L., Chorfi, Y., Suresh, G., Rouissi, T., Brar, S. K., Côté, C., Ramirez, A. A., Godbout, S. (2018). Use of antibiotics in broiler production: Global impacts and alternatives. Animal Nutrition, 4(1): 170-178.
Mounia, M., Nadir, A., & Omar, B. (2018). Effects of phytogenic products on gut morpho-histology of broiler chickens. International Journal of Veterinary Science and Research, 4(1): 009-0011.
Ncube, B., & Van Staden, J. (2015). Tilting plant metabolism for improved metabolite biosynthesis and enhanced human benefit. Molecules, 20(1): 12698-12731.
Pereira, A. S., Shitsuka, D. M., Parreira, F. J., & Shitsuka, R. (2018). Metodologia da pesquisa científica. [e-book]. Santa Maria. Ed. UAB/NTE/UFSM. Disponível em: https://repositorio.ufsm.br/bitstream/handle/1/15824/Lic_Computacao_Metodologia-Pesquisa-Cientifica.pdf?sequence=1. Acesso em: 30 nov. 2019.
Raut, J. S., & Karuppayil, S. M. (2014). A status review on the medicinal properties of essential oils. Industrial Crops and Products, 62(1):250-264.
Rodrigues, W. O. P., Garcia, R. G., Nääs, I. A., Rosa, C. O., & Caldarelli, C. E. (2014). Evolução da avicultura de corte no Brasil. Enciclopédia Biosfera, 10(18):1666-1684.
Ronquillo, M. G., & Hernandez, J. C. A. (2017). Antibiotic and synthetic growth promoters in animal diets: Review of impact and analytical methods. Food Control. 72(1):255-267.
Roofchaee, A, Irani, M, Ebrahimzadeh, M. A., & Akbari M. R. (2011). Effect of dietary oregano (Origanum vulgare L.) essential oil on growth performance, cecal microflora and serum antioxidant activity of broiler chickens. African Journal of Biotechnology, 10(32): 6177-6183.
Salim, H. M., Huque, K. S., Kamaruddin, K. M., & Haque Beg, A. (2018). Global Restriction of using antibiotic growth promoters and alternative strategies in poultry production. Science Progress, 101(1): 52-75.
Sanchez, D. S., D’Souza, D., Biswas, D., & Hanning, I. (2015). Botanical alternatives to antibiotics for use in organic poultry production. Poultry Science, 94(6): 1419-1430.
Saritha, K., Rajesh, A., Manjulatha, K., Setty, O. H., & Yenugu, S. (2015). Mechanism of antibacterial action of the alcoholic extracts of Hemidesmus indicus (L.) R. Br. ex Schult, Leucas aspera (Wild.), Plumbago zeylanica L., and Tridax procumbens (L.) R. Br. ex Schult. Frontiers in Microbiology. 6(1): 1-9.
Sheoran, N., Kumar, R., Kumar, A., Batra, K., Sihag, S., Maan, S., & Maan, N. S. (2017) Nutrigenomic evaluation of garlic (Allium sativum) and holy basil (Ocimum sanctum) leaf powder supplementation on growth performance and immune characteristics in broilers, Veterinary World, 10(1): 121-129.
Simitzis, P. E. (2017). Enrichment of animal diets with essential oils - A great perspective on improving animal performance and quality characteristics of the derived products. Medicines, 4(35): 1-21.
Srinivasan, K. (2017). Ginger rhizomes (Zingiber officinale): A spice with multiple health beneficial potentials. Pharma Nutrition, 5(1): 18-28.
Stevanović, Z., Bošnjak-Neumüller, J., Pajić-Lijaković, I., Raj, J., Vasiljević, M., & Stevanović, Z. D. (2018). Essential Oils as Feed Additives - Future Perspectives. Molecules, 23(1717): 1-20.
Swamy, M. K., Akhtar, M. S., & Sinniah, U. R. (2016). Antimicrobial properties of plant essential oils against human pathogens and their mode of action: an updated review. Evidence-Based Complementary and Alternative Medicine, 3012462; 1–21.
Tongnuanchan P, Benjakul S. (2014). Essential Oils: Extraction, bioactivities, and their uses for food preservation. Journal of Food Science, 79(7): 1231-1249.
Tungmunnithum, D., Thongboonyou, A., Pholboon, A., & Yangsabai, A. (2018). Flavonoids and other phenolic compounds from medicinal plants for pharmaceutical and medical aspects: an overview. Medicines, 5(93): 1-16.
Upadhyaya, S., Yadav, D., Chandra, R., & Arora, N. (2018). Evaluation of antibacterial and phytochemical properties of different spice extracts. African Journal of Microbiology Research, 12(2): 27-37.
Veiga, R. S., & Marcucci, M. C. (2018). Atividades terapêuticas da pimenta-vermelha (Capsicum sp. - Solanaceae) e pimenta-do-reino (Piper nigrum L.- Piperaceae). Brazilian Journal of Natural Sciences, 1(2): 3-8.
Windisch, W., Schedle, K., Plitzner, C., & Kroismayr, A. (2008). Use of phytogenic products as feed additives for swine and poultry. Journal of Animal Science, 86(14): 140-148.
Zhai, H., Liu, H., Wang, S., Wu, J., & Kluenter, A. M. (2018). Potential of essential oils for poultry and pigs. Animal Nutrition, 4(2):179-186.
Downloads
Published
How to Cite
Issue
Section
License
Authors who publish with this journal agree to the following terms:
1) Authors retain copyright and grant the journal right of first publication with the work simultaneously licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution License that allows others to share the work with an acknowledgement of the work's authorship and initial publication in this journal.
2) Authors are able to enter into separate, additional contractual arrangements for the non-exclusive distribution of the journal's published version of the work (e.g., post it to an institutional repository or publish it in a book), with an acknowledgement of its initial publication in this journal.
3) Authors are permitted and encouraged to post their work online (e.g., in institutional repositories or on their website) prior to and during the submission process, as it can lead to productive exchanges, as well as earlier and greater citation of published work.
