Is the history of periodontal disease a risk factor for cognitive decline? Systematic Review and Meta-analysis
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.33448/rsd-v11i5.27931Keywords:
Alzheimer Disease; Cognitive Dysfunction; Periodontal Diseases; Tooth loss.Abstract
O objetivo do estudo foi verificar através de uma revisão sistemática e meta-análise se a História da Doença Periodontal (HPD) é um fator de risco para declínio cognitivo. As buscas bibliográficas nas bases de dados PubMed, Scopus, Web of Science e Cochrane totalizaram 378 registros, após a retirada das duplicatas. Estudos observacionais que verificaram HPD e/ou perda dentária (≥22) resultante de HPD foram selecionados para investigar uma associação com o declínio do estado cognitivo. A síntese quantitativa resultou em duas meta-análises (MA). MA1 (n=5) considerou medidas de associação entre HPD e diminuição do estado cognitivo; enquanto MA2 (n=7) considerou medidas de associação entre perda dentária e diminuição do estado cognitivo. As meta-análises foram realizadas no software OpenMetaAnalyst, usando efeitos aleatórios dicotômicos (p<0,05). Ambas as meta-análises mostraram que a doença periodontal (OR=3,371; IC 95%=1,823-6,232; I²=65,42%) e a perda dentária (OR=1,875; IC 95%=1,355-2,596; I²=56,74%) o declínio do estado cognitivo, medido pelo Mini-Exame do Estado Mental. Pacientes com HPD e perda dentária resultante de periodontite são mais propensos a deteriorar o estado cognitivo, com possível associação com a Doença de Alzheimer.
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Copyright (c) 2022 Maria Letícia Barbosa Raymundo; Rênnis Oliveira da Silva; Elza Cristina Farias de Araújo; Edson Hilan Gomes de Lucena ; Yuri Wanderley Cavalcanti
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