Risk factors for ventilator-associated pneumonia: Scope review
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.33448/rsd-v11i5.28126Keywords:
Ventilator-associated pneumonia; Intensive Care Units; Risk factors; Nosocomial pneumonia; Nosocomial infection; Mechanical ventilation.Abstract
The aim of the study was to identify and synthesize the literature on risk factors for Pneumonia Associated with Mechanical Ventilation in patients admitted to Intensive Care Units. This is a literature review of the Scope Review type, according to guidelines proposed by the Joanna Briggs Institute and based on the guidance of PRISMA-ScR (Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic reviews and Meta-Analyses extension for Scoping Reviews). We identified 23 risk factors for the evolution of Pneumonia associated with mechanical ventilation. The main factors identified include: longer hospital stay, airway approach, time on invasive mechanical ventilation, severity of primary disease and prolonged use of antibiotics. As for the levels of evidence, level 3 predominated among the productions and only one study developed with an experimental model. Thus, it is concluded that it is necessary to carry out clinical trials that can elucidate, in view of the intergroup comparison approach, the different risk factors, as well as to assess the possible protective factors for the development of Pneumonia associated with Mechanical ventilation.
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