Government actions for the mitigation and prevention of environmental damage in the Pantanal Mato-grossense after the great fire of 2020

Authors

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.33448/rsd-v11i7.30413

Keywords:

Fires; Wetland; Environmental law enforcement; Public policies.

Abstract

Forest fires in the Pantanal Mato-Grossense devastated about a third of the biome's territory in 2020, which is the biggest fire recorded in this biome to date. In this work, we propose the analysis of the main governmental measures of a legal nature after the environmental tragedy that occurred in that biome, aiming to answer the following question: from the existing evidence regarding the causes of forest fires in the Pantanal Mato-grossense, the measures adopted by the Brazilian State are able to prevent forest fires and ensure the repair of environmental damage from the disaster that occurred? The measures adopted by the Brazilian government were raised through legislative consultation and news published on the official websites of the legislative and executive powers at the federal and state levels. The analysis of the measures was carried out considering preventive and combat actions in relation to the main causes of fires that occurred in the year 2020. Among the final considerations of the present study we have that the governmental measures may not only be insufficient to prevent new occurrences of fires, forest fires, but they can also put the biodiversity of the affected ecosystems at risk, as they start from the dubious assumption regarding the cause of the problem (biomass accumulation), neglecting the probable anthropic cause of the fires and the application of existing legal instruments that could be used to ensure the application of environmental law and also to prevent other incidents.

References

Alho, C. J. R. & Sabino, J. A. (2011). Conservation agenda for the Pantanal’s biodiversity. Brazilian Journal of Biology, 71(1).

Assine, M. L., Merino, E. R., Pupim, F. N., Warren, L. V., Guerreiro, R. L. & McGlue, M. M. (2015). Geology and Geomorphology of the Pantanal Basin. In: Bergier I, Assine ML, editors. Dynamics of the Pantanal Wetland in South America. Heidelberg, Germany: Springer International Publishing, pp. 23–50.

Biudes, M. S., Nogueira, J. D. S., Dalmagro, H. J., Machado, N. G., Danelichen, V. H. M., & Souza, M. C. (2012). Mudança no microclima provocada pela conversão de uma floresta de cambará em pastagem no norte do Pantanal. Revista de Ciências Agro-Ambientais, 10(1), 61-68.

Bradshaw, S. D., Dixon, K. W., Lambers, H., Cross, A. T., Bailey, J., Hopper, S. D. (2018) Understanding the long-term impact of prescribed burning in mediterranean-climate biodiversity hotspots, with a focus on south-western Australia. International Journal of Wildland Fire, 27, 643-657.

Brasil. (2012). LEI Nº 12.651, DE 25 DE MAIO DE 2012. http://www.planalto.gov.br/ccivil_03/_ato2011-2014/2012/lei/l12651.htm

Brasil. (1998). LEI Nº 9.605, DE 12 DE FEVEREIRO DE 1998. http://www.planalto.gov.br/ccivil_03/leis/l9605.htm

Borges, S. H. (2007). Bird Assemblages in Secondary Forests Developing after Slash-and-Burn Agriculture in the Brazilian Amazon. Journal of Tropical Ecology, 23(4), 469-477.

Encina, C. C. C., Paranhos Filho, A. C., Pessi, D. D., Mioto, C. L., Coimbra, D. de S. F., Silva, N. M. da, Chaves, J. R., Gamarra, R. M. & Ribeiro, V. de Oliveira. (2021). Um olhar sobre a conservação do Pantanal. 1. ed. Maringá: Uniedusul Editora. 179p

Escobar, H. (2020). Illegal deforestation in Brazil soars amid climate of impunity. Science. https://www.science.org/content/article/illegal-deforestation-brazil-soars-amid-climate-impunity

Fiocruz – Fundação Oswaldo Cruz. (2020). Incêndios Florestais no Pantanal 2020 – Nota Técnica 01. https://agencia.fiocruz.br/sites/agencia.fiocruz.br/files/u34/nt_01_pantanal_final1.pdf

Instituto Nacional de Pesquisas Espaciais – INPE. (2020). A taxa consolidada de desmatamento por corte raso para os nove estados da Amazônia Legal (AC, AM, AP, MA, MT, PA, RO, RR e TO) em 2019 é de 10.129 km2. http://www.inpe.br/noticias/noticia.php?Cod_Noticia=5465

Junk, W. J. & Cunha, C. N. da. (2018). The Pantanal: a brief review of its ecology, biodiversity, and protection status. In: Finlayson CM, Everard M, Irvine K, McInnes R, Middleton B, van Dam A, et al. editors. The Wetland Book II. Springer Science+Business Media B.V., part of Springer Nature.

Libonati, R.., DaCamara, C. C., Peres, L. F., de Carvalho, L. A. S., & Garcia, L. C. (2020). Rescue Brazil’s burning Pantanal wetlands. https://www.nature.com/articles/d41586-020-03464-1

Miranda, C. S., Gamarra, R. M., Mioto, C. L., Silva, N. M., Paranhos Filho, A. C. & Pott, A. (2018). Analysis of the landscape complexity and heterogeneity of the Pantanal wetland. BRAZILIAN JOURNAL OF BIOLOGY (ONLINE), 78, 1-10.

Thielen, D., Schuchmann, K. L., Ramoni-Perazzi, P., Marquez, M., Rojas, W., Quintero, J. I., & Marques, M. I. (2020). Quo vadis Pantanal? Expected precipitation extremes and drought dynamics from changing sea surface temperature. Plos one, 15(1), e0227437.

Marengo, J. A., Oliveira, G. S. & Alves, L. M. (2015). Climate Change Scenarios in the Pantanal. In: Bergier I, Assine ML, editors. Dynamics of the Pantanal Wetland in South America. Heidelberg, Germany: Springer International Publishing, pp. 227–238.

Mato Grosso. (2021). DECRETO Nº 1.196, DE 10 DE DEZEMBRO DE 2021. https://leisestaduais.com.br/mt/decreto-n-1196-2021-mato-grosso-altera-dispositivo-do-decreto-no-785-de-18-de-janeiro-de-2021-que-dispoe-sobre-as-atividades-de-restauracao-das-formacoes-campestres-na-planicie-inundavel-do-bioma-pantanal-no-estado-de-mato-grosso-e-da-outras-providencias

Mato Grosso. Sema emite primeira autorização de limpeza em área do Pantanal. http://www.mt.gov.br/-/16513373-sema-emite-primeira-autorizacao-de-limpeza-em-area-do-pantanal#:~:text=A%20Secretaria%20de%20Estado%20de,an%C3%A1lise%20t%C3%A9cnica%20do%20%C3%B3rg%C3%A3o%20ambiental.

Mioto, C. L.; Albrez, E. do A.; Paranhos Filho, A. C. (2012). Contribuição à caracterização das sub--regiões do Pantanal. Revista Entre-Lugar, 8, 165180.

Ministério Público do Estado de Mato Grosso – MP-MT. (2021). Relatório Técnico n. 006-2020 ref ao SIMP 000675-097-2020 - SAT 5474

Moreira, R. M.; Pessi, D. D.; Costa Junior, E. F.; Vicentin, S.; Silva, N. M. da & Paranhos Filho, A. C. (2022). GOOGLE EARTH ENGINE PARA ANÁLISE DA ÁREAIMPACTADA POR INCÊNDIOS E QUALIDADE DO ARNO PANTANAL PARA O ANO 2020. In: Pessi, D. D. et al. (2022). Perspectivas ambientais no âmbito das geociências e ecologia do Pantanal. Maringá, PR: Uniedusul, pp. 10-24.

Moreira, A. P.; Pessi, D. D.; Costa, L. da Silva.; Guaraldo, E. & Paranhos Filho, A. C. (2021). VARIABILIDADE DA COBERTURA VEGETALPELA AÇÃO DO FOGO NO BIOMA PANTANALDE 2018 E 2020 COM BASE EM SENSORGEOESTACIONÁRIO. In: Encina, C. C. C. et al. (2021). Um olhar sobre a conservação do Pantanal. Maringá, PR: Uniedusul, pp. 11-24.

Moraes, E. C., Mataveli, G. & Silva Oliveira, B. (2017). Estudo da dinâmica de queimada no bioma Pantanal no período de 2002 a 2015. In: Anais do XVIII Simpósio Brasileiro de Sensoriamento Remoto – SBSR. INPE, Santos-SP. pp. 3424-3430.

Oliveira, L. O. F. Abreu, U. G. P. Por que os bovinos protegem o Pantanal de incêndios – o “boi bombeiro” realmente funciona?. Campo Grande,MS: Embrapa Gado de Corte, 2021 (Documentos 293).

Peres, P. N., Mioto, C. L.; Marcato Junior, J. & Paranhos Filho, A. C. (2016). Variação da Cobertura do Solo no Pantanal de 2000 a 2015 por Sensoriamento Remoto com Software e Dados Gratuitos. Anuário do Instituto de Geociências da UFRJ, 39(2), 116-123.

Swarts, F. (2000). Pantanal: Understanding and Preserving the World's Largest Wetland. Paragon House Publishers; 2nd ed. 301p.

Viganó, H. H. G; Souza, C. C.; Neto, J. F. R.; Cristaldo, M. F.; Jesus, L. Prediction and Modeling of Forest Fires in the Pantanal. Revista Brasileira de Meteorologia, v. 33, n. 2, 306-316, 2018.

Downloads

Published

01/06/2022

How to Cite

GONZAGA, C. A. C. .; ROQUETTE, J. G.; SILVA, N. M. da .; BARBOSA, D. S. .; PESSI, D. D.; PARANHOS FILHO, A. C.; MIOTO, C. L. Government actions for the mitigation and prevention of environmental damage in the Pantanal Mato-grossense after the great fire of 2020. Research, Society and Development, [S. l.], v. 11, n. 7, p. e48111730413, 2022. DOI: 10.33448/rsd-v11i7.30413. Disponível em: https://rsdjournal.org/index.php/rsd/article/view/30413. Acesso em: 28 dec. 2024.

Issue

Vol. 11 No. 7

Section

Review Article

License

Copyright (c) 2022 Claudio Angelo Correa Gonzaga; José Guilherme Roquette; Normandes Matos da Silva; Domingos Sávio Barbosa; Dhonatan Diego Pessi; Antonio Conceição Paranhos Filho; Camila Leonardo Mioto

Creative Commons License

This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.

Authors who publish with this journal agree to the following terms:

1) Authors retain copyright and grant the journal right of first publication with the work simultaneously licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution License that allows others to share the work with an acknowledgement of the work's authorship and initial publication in this journal.

2) Authors are able to enter into separate, additional contractual arrangements for the non-exclusive distribution of the journal's published version of the work (e.g., post it to an institutional repository or publish it in a book), with an acknowledgement of its initial publication in this journal.

3) Authors are permitted and encouraged to post their work online (e.g., in institutional repositories or on their website) prior to and during the submission process, as it can lead to productive exchanges, as well as earlier and greater citation of published work.