Estudo do papel do estresse oxidativo e dos antioxidantes na infecção por SARS-CoV-2: uma revisão sistemática
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.33448/rsd-v11i8.31346Palavras-chave:
COVID-19; Inflamação; Micronutrientes; Compostos fenólicos.Resumo
Com a chegada do SARS-CoV-2 o mundo se viu em uma guerra contra a doença causada pelo vírus. Essa pode acarretar o comprometimento de sistemas, como do ciclo celular, do estresse, imunológicos e metabólicos, levando ao comprometimento da renina-angiotensina, que está envolvida no funcionamento de órgãos vitais. Paralelamente, se tem um desequilíbrio do sistema redox, desencadeado pela tempestade de citocinas inflamatórias, típica da doença. Esses desequilíbrios são pontos importantes para um pior prognóstico, além da existência de doenças prévias e a idade avançada. Por essas razões, muito se especulou sobre o uso de antioxidantes para prevenção ou combate viral. Neste contexto, a presente revisão sistemática buscou compreender os efeitos dos antioxidantes diante da infecção por SARS-CoV-2. Usando a base de dados Medline/Pubmed, foram explorados dados de estudos clínicos e observacionais retrospectivos e prospectivos, selecionando um total de 25 estudos. O tamanho amostral variou de 12 a 4314 indivíduos e a idade média foi de 55,27 ± 11,82. A maioria dos estudos utilizou a vitamina D (n=10) como intervenção, seguido pela vitamina C (n=6), zinco (n=5) e compostos fenólicos (n=4). Quanto a avaliação da qualidade dos estudos, foi encontrado um escore médio de 7,38 pontos para estudos clínicos e 9,28 pontos para estudos observacionais, indicando boa qualidade metodológica. Apesar de haver algumas evidências que apontam para os benefícios do uso de antioxidantes frente à doença, ainda não é possível se ter um consenso sobre seu real papel, motivo dado pela heterogeneidade dos estudos e a discrepância entre os resultados publicados.
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Copyright (c) 2022 Pedro Henrique Zatti; João Vitor Ferlito; Catia dos Santos Branco
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