Masticatory function evaluation methods: Critical analysis of selected literature
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.33448/rsd-v11i10.31390Keywords:
Habilidade de mistura; Função oral; Performance mastigatória; Mastigação; Alimento teste.Abstract
Objective: To identify the ideal and/or most suitable masticatory function assessment methodology or treatment for each group of patients. Material and Methods: A survey was carried out in the MEDLINE, Science Direct, and Embase databases for articles published since 1990. The articles were initially selected by their titles and abstracts, and after application of inclusion and exclusion criteria, some were selected for full text reading. The studies were submitted to qualitative, quantitative, and bias analysis. Results: Of the 1,514 studies retrieved in the initial search, 51 were selected for complete analysis. Advantages of the test foods Optocal and Optosil included reliability and standardization capacity, while their disadvantages included high processing time and hardness. Wax was mentioned for its ease of chewing and testing speed, with the disadvantages of handling and the influence of temperature, in addition to low palatability. Chewing gum exhibited a speedy and easy way of testing, low cost, and reliability, in addition to commercial availability. Conclusion: Among the existing methodologies, those that were used in few studies or not validated require additional data, and for now, their indication is not recommended. Optocal and Optosil should be indicated for patients who do not have impaired chewing function. Chewing gum is a more suitable test food for patients with impaired chewing. Its practicality in being used in tests and evaluation of results makes it a more comprehensive indicator for different types of patients, treatments, or needs to assess masticatory function.
References
Aimaijiang, Y., Otomaru, T., & Taniguchi, H. (2016). Relationships between perceived chewing ability, objective masticatory function and oral health-related quality of life in mandibulectomy or glossectomy patients with a dento-maxillary prosthesis. Journal of Prosthodontic Research, 60(2), 92–7.
Anastassiadou, V., & Heath, M. R. (2001). The development of a simple objective test of mastication suitable for older people, using chewing gums. Gerodontology, 18(2), 79-86.
Asakawa, A.; Fueki, K., & Ohyama, T. (2005). Detection of improvement in the masticatory function from old to new removable partial dentures using mixing ability test. Journal of Oral Rehabilitation, 32(9), 629-34.
Buschang, P. H., Throckmorton, G. S., Travers, K. H., & Johnson, G. (1997). The effects of bolus size and chewing rate on masticatory performance with artificial test foods. Journal of Oral Rehabilitation, 24(7), 522-6.
Cazal, M. S., Silva, A. M., Galo, R., Junior, W. M., & Silva, M. A. (2016). Comparison of dynamic electromyographic analysis of masticatory capsules with materials of different textures. Cranio, 34(2), 105-11.
Eberhard, L., et al. (2012) Comparison of particle-size distributions determined by optical scanning and by sieving in the assessment of masticatory performance. Journal of Oral Rehabilitation, 39(5), 338-48.
Elmoula, H. A., Khalifa, N., & Alhajj, M. N. (2018). Comparison between masticatory index and mixing index among complete denture wearers and associated factors: A multivariate analysis. The Journal of Prosthetic Dentistry, 120(1), 35–42.
Elsig, F., et al. (2015). Tooth loss, chewing efficiency and cognitive impairment in geriatric patients. Gerodontology, 32(2), 149-56.
Escudeiro, S. C., Freitas, O., Spadaro, A. C., & Mestriner, J. W. (2006). Development of a colorimetric system for evaluation of the masticatory efficiency. Brazilian Dental Journal, 17(2), 95-9.
Felício, C. M., Couto, G. A., Ferreira, C. L., & Mestriner, J. W. (2018). Reliability of masticatory efficiency with beads and correlation with the muscle activity. Pro Fono Revista de Atualização Científica, 20(4), 225-30.
Fontijn-Tekamp, F. A., et al. (2000). Biting and Chewing in Overdentures, Full Dentures, and Natural Dentitions. Journal of Dental Research, 79(7), 1519–1524.
Fueki, K., Sugiura, T., YoWida, E., & Igarashi, Y. (2008). Association between food mixing ability and electromyographic activity of jaw-closing muscles during chewing of a wax cube. Journal of Oral Rehabilitation, 35(5), 345-52.
Fueki, K., Yoshida, E., Sugiura, T., & Igarashi, Y. (2009). Comparison of electromyographic activity of jaw-closing muscles between mixing ability test and masticatory performance test. Journal of Prosthodontic Research, 53(2), 72–77.
Halazonetis, D. J., Schimmel, M., Antonarakis, G. S., & Christou, P. (2013). Novel software for quantitative evaluation and graphical representation of masticatory efficiency. Journal of Oral Rehabilitation, 40(5), 329-35.
Hama, Y., Kanazawa, M., Minakuchi, S., Uchida, T., & Sasaki, Y. (2014). Properties of a color-changeable chewing gum used to evaluate masticatory performance. Journal of Prosthodontic Research, 58(2), 102-6.
Hiiemae, K. (2004). Mechanisms of food reduction, transport and deglutition: how the texture of food affects feeding behavior. Journal of Texture Studies, 35(2), 171-200.
Igarashi, K., et al. (2019). Validity of a visual scoring method using gummy jelly for evaluating chewing efficiency in a large-scale epidemiological survey. Journal of Oral Rehabilitation, 46(5), 409-16.
Iwaki, M., Kanazawa, M., Sato, D., Miyayasu, A., & Minakuchi, S. (2019). Masticatory function of immediately loaded two-implant mandibular overdentures: A 5-year prospective study. The International Journal of Oral & Maxillofacial Implants, 34(6), 1434–1440.
Iwashita, H. et al. (2014). Comparative cross-sectional study of masticatory performance and mastication predominance for patients with missing posterior teeth. Journal of Prosthodontic Research, 58(4), 223-9.
Kamiyama, M., Kanazawa, M., Fujinami, Y., & Minakuchi, S. (2010). Validity and reliability of a Self-Implementable method to evaluate masticatory performance: use of color-changeable chewing gum and a color scale. Journal of Prosthodontic Research, 54(1), 24-8.
Kanazawa, Y. M., Minakuchi, S., Uchida, T., & Sasaki, Y. (2011). Association between masticatory performance using a colour-changeable chewing gum and jaw movement. Journal of Oral Rehabilitation, 38(8), 555-63.
Kapur, K. K., & Soman, S. D. (2006). Masticatory performance and efficiency in denture wearers. The Journal of Prosthetic Dentistry, 95(6), 407-11.
Khoury-Ribas, L., Ayuso-Montero, R., Rovira-Lastra, B., Peraire, M., & Martinez-Gomis, J. (2018). Reliability of a new test food to assess masticatory function. Archives of Oral Biology, 87, 1-6.
Komagamine, Y., Kanazawa, M., Minakuchi, S., Uchida, T., & Sasaki, Y. (2011). Association between masticatory performance using a colourchangeable chewing gum and jaw movement. Journal of Oral Rehabilitation, 38(8), 555–563.
Komagamine, Y., Kanazawa, M., Sato, D., & Minakuchi, S. (2019). A preliminary comparison of masticatory performances between immediately loaded and conventionally loaded mandibular two-implant overdentures with magnetic attachments. Clinical Implant Dentistry and Related Research, 21(1), 130-7.
Lee, I. C., Yang, Y. H., & Ho, P. S. (2014). Chewing ability, nutritional status and quality of life. Journal of Oral Rehabilitation, 41(2), 79-86.
Leles, C. R., Oliveira, T. M. C., Araújo, S. C., Nogueira, T. E., & Schimmel, M. (2019). Individual factors associated with masticatory performance of complete denture wearers: a cross sectional study. Journal of Oral Rehabilitation, 46(10), 903-911.
Liberati, A., et al. (2009). The PRISMA statement for reporting systematic reviews and meta-analyses of studies that evaluate health care interventions: explanation and elaboration. PLOS Medicine, 6(7), 1000-100.
Liedberg, B., & Owall, B. (1995). Oral bolus kneading and shaping measured with chewing gum. Dysphagia, 10(2), 101-6.
Liu, T., Wang, X., Chen, J., & Van der Glas, H. W. (2018). Determining chewing efficiency using a solid test food and considering all phases of mastication. Archives of Oral Biology, 91, 63–77.
Locker, D., & Grushka, M. (1987). Prevalence of oral and facial pain and discomfort: preliminary results of a mail survey. Community Dentistry and Oral Epidemiology, 15(3), 169-72.
Manly, R. S., & Braley, L. C. (1950). Masticatory performance and efficiency. Journal of Dental Research, 29(4), 448-62.
Miranda, S. B., et al. (2019). Relationship Between Masticatory Function Impairment and Oral Health Related Quality of Life of Edentulous Patients: An Interventional Study. Journal of Prosthodontics, 28(6), 634-642.
Molenaar, W. N., et al. (2012). The effect of food bolus location on jaw movement smoothness and masticatory efficiency. Journal of Oral Rehabilitation, 39(9), 639-47.
Momose, T., et al. (1997). Effect of mastication on regional cerebral blood flow in humans examined by positron-emission tomography with 15O-labelled water and magnetic resonance imaging. Archives of Oral Biology, 42(1), 57–61.
Neves, F. D., et al. (2015). Masticatory performance with different types of rehabilitation of the edentulous mandible. Brazilian Journal of Oral Sciences, 14(3), 186-9.
Nogueira, T. E., Schimmel, M., & Leles, C. R. (2018). Changes in masticatory performance of edentulous patients treated with single-implant mandibular overdentures and conventional complete dentures. Journal of Oral Rehabilitation, 46(3), 268-273.
Ohira, A., Ono, Y., Yano, N., & Takagi, Y. (2012). The effect of chewing exercise in preschool children on maximum bite force and masticatory performance. International Journal of Paediatric Dentistry, 22(2), 146-53.
Okamoto, N., et al. (2010). Tooth loss is associated with mild memory impairment in the elderly: the Fujiwara-kyo study. Brain Research, 1349, 68-75.
Onozuka, M., et al. (2003). Age-related changes in brain regional activity during chewing: a functional magnetic resonance imaging study. Journal of Dental Research, 82(8), 657-60.
Pocztaruk, R. L., Frasca, L. C., Rivaldo, E. G., Fernandes, E. L., & Gavião, M. B. (2008). Protocol for production of a chewable material for masticatory function tests (Optocal - Brazilian version). Brazilian Oral Research, 22(4), 305-10.
Prinz, J. F. (1999). Quantitative evaluation of the effect of bolus size and number of chewing strokes on the intra-oral mixing of a two-colour chewing gum. Journal of Oral Rehabilitation, 26(3), 243-7.
Reitemeier, B., et al. (2012). Clinical test of masticatory efficacy in patients with maxillary/mandibular defects due to tumors. Onkologie, 35(4), 170-4.
Rovira-Lastra, B., Flores-Orozco, E. I., Salsench, J., Peraire, M., & Martinez-Gomis, J. (2014). Is the side with the best masticatory performance selected for chewing? Archives of Oral Biology, 59(12), 1316–1320.
Sato, H., et al. (2003). A new and simple method for evaluating masticatory function using newly developed artificial test food. Journal of Oral Rehabilitation, 30(1), 68-73.
Sato, S., et al. (2003). Validity and reliability of a newly developed method for evaluating masticatory function using discriminant analysis. Journal of Oral Rehabilitation, 30(2), 146-51.
Schimmel, M., Christou, P., Herrmann, F., & Müller, F. (2007). A two-colour chewing gum test for masticatory efficiency: development of different assessment methods. Journal of Oral Rehabilitation, 34(9), 671-8.
Schimmel, M., et al. (2015). A novel colourimetric technique to assess chewing function using two-coloured specimens: Validation and application. Journal of Dentistry, 43(8), 955-64.
Sheiham, A., et al. (2001). The relationship among dental status, nutrient intake, and nutritional status in older people. Journal of Dental Research, 80(2), 408-13.
Silva, L. C., Nogueira, T. E., Rios, L. F., Schimmel, M., & Leles, C. R. (2018). Reliability of a two-colour chewing gum test to assess masticatory performance in complete denture wearers. Journal of Oral Rehabilitation, 45(4), 301-7.
Slagter, A. P., Bosman, F., & Van der Bilt, A. (1993). Comminution of two artificial test foods by dentate and edentulous subjects. Journal of Oral Rehabilitation, 20(2), 159-76.
Speksnijder, C. M., Abbink, J. H., Van der Glas, H. W., Janssen, N. G., & Van der Bilt, A. (2009). Mixing ability test compared with a comminution test in persons with normal and compromised masticatory performance. European Journal of Oral Sciences, 117(5), 580-6.
Sugimoto, K., Iegami, C. M., Iida, S., Naito, M., Tamaki, R., & Minagi, S. (2012). New image analysis of large food particles can discriminate experimentally suppressed mastication. Journal of Oral Rehabilitation, 39(6), 405-10.
Tada, A., & Miura, H. (2017) Association between mastication and cognitive status: A systematic review. Archives of Gerontology and Geriatrics, 70, 44-53.
Tanaka, Y., & Shiga, H. (2018). Masticatory performance of the elderly as seen from differences in occlusal support of residual teeth. Journal of Prosthodontic Research, 62(3), 375-8.
Tarkowska, A., Katzer, L., & Ahlers, M. O. (2017) Assessment of masticatory performance by means of a color-changeable chewing gum. Journal of Prosthodontic Research, 61(1), 9-19.
Uesugi, H., & Shiga, H. (2017). Relationship between masticatory performance using a gummy jelly and masticatory movement. Journal of Prosthodontic Research, 61(4), 419-25.
Vaccaro, G., Pelaez, J. I., & Gil, J. A. (2016). Choosing the best image processing method for masticatory performance assessment when using two-coloured specimens. Journal of Oral Rehabilitation, 43(7), 496-504.
Vaccaro, G., Peláez, J. I., & Gil-Montoya, J. A. (2018). A novel expert system for objective masticatory efficiency assessment. PLOS ONE, 13(1).
Van der Bilt, A., & Fontijn-Tekamp, F. A. (2004). Comparison of single and multiple sieve methods for the determination of masticatory performance. Archives of Oral Biology, 49(3), 193-8.
Van der Bilt, A., Mojet, J., Tekamp, F. A., & Abbink, J. H. (2010). Comparing masticatory performance and mixing ability. Journal of Oral Rehabilitation, 37(2), 79-84.
Van der Bilt, A., Olthoff, L. W., Van der Glas, H. W., Van der Weelen, K., & Bosman, F. (1987). A mathematical description of the comminution of food during mastication in man. Archives of Oral Biology, 32(8), 579-86.
Vega, T. M. S., et al. (2021). Consensus on the terminologies and methodologies for masticatory assessment. Journal of Oral Rehabilitation, 48(6), 745-61.
Yamamoto, S., & Shiga, H. (2018). Masticatory performance and oral health-related quality of life before and after complete denture treatment. Journal of Prosthodontic Research, 62(3), 370-4.
Yoshida, E., Fueki, K., & Igarashi, Y. (2007). Association between food mixing ability and mandibular movements during chewing of a wax cube. Journal of Oral Rehabilitation, 34(11), 791–799.
Yousof, Y., Salleh, N. M., & Yusof, F. (2019). Assessment of masticatory performance by geometric measurement of the mixing ability with 2-color chewing gum. The Journal of Prosthetic Dentistry, 121(6), 916-921.
Downloads
Published
How to Cite
Issue
Section
License
Copyright (c) 2022 Rafael Zetehaku Araujo; Karla Zancopé; Rodrigo Silva Moreira; Flavio Domingues das Neves
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.
Authors who publish with this journal agree to the following terms:
1) Authors retain copyright and grant the journal right of first publication with the work simultaneously licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution License that allows others to share the work with an acknowledgement of the work's authorship and initial publication in this journal.
2) Authors are able to enter into separate, additional contractual arrangements for the non-exclusive distribution of the journal's published version of the work (e.g., post it to an institutional repository or publish it in a book), with an acknowledgement of its initial publication in this journal.
3) Authors are permitted and encouraged to post their work online (e.g., in institutional repositories or on their website) prior to and during the submission process, as it can lead to productive exchanges, as well as earlier and greater citation of published work.
