Decline in polio vaccination coverage in Brazil: Negligence and its consequences
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.33448/rsd-v12i9.40824Keywords:
Polio; Poliovirus; Immunization; COVID-19.Abstract
Introduction: Poliomyelitis is a viral disease caused by the poliovirus, whose infection results mainly in neuromotor problems that can be prevented through immunization. The disease was considered eradicated around the world thanks to intense vaccination campaigns, however, in recent years, an increase in these cases has been observed, especially in Brazil, indicating an inefficiency in the fight against the disease. Objective: Therefore, this article aims to investigate the national rates of vaccination coverage against poliomyelitis recorded in recent years and discuss their main reasons. Methodology: A qualitative-quantitative bibliographical review was carried out, where a survey of bibliographic data was carried out on the ScieLo and PubMed platforms and a survey of data regarding polio vaccine coverage on the DataSUS platform. Articles in English and Portuguese, published between 2012 and 2022, were selected. Results: In the early 2010s, vaccination coverage against poliomyelitis was 100%, however, from 2015 this value began to progressively decrease, until it reached unsatisfactory levels. rates of 76% in 2020 and 69% in 2021. This phenomenon has also been observed with other vaccine-preventable diseases, therefore, it is stipulated that denial of science, vaccine refusal and the dissemination of fake news are the main causes of this problem, even more so considering that the recent COVID-19 pandemic has intensified all these factors. Conclusion: It is concluded that immunization against poliomyelitis is decreasing, as a result of several factors and for this reason, it signals a possible return of the infection as a public health problem repeatedly.
References
Arroyo, L. H., Ramos, A. C. V., Yamamura, M., Weiller, T. H., Crispim, J. D. A., Cartagena-Ramos, D., & Arcêncio, R. A. (2020). Áreas com queda da cobertura vacinal para BCG, poliomielite e tríplice viral no Brasil (2006-2016): mapas da heterogeneidade regional. Cadernos de Saúde Pública, 36.
Barros, A. P., de Lima Garcia, A., Fernandez, B. G., de Vasconcelos Santana, G., Santos, H. D. H., dos Santos, I. C. L., & Dombroski, T. C. D. (2018). A cobertura vacinal da poliomielite No Brasil nos últimos 11 Anos. Caderno de Publicações Univag, (09).
Brasil. Ministério da Saúde. Programa nacional de imunizações (PNI): 40 anos / Ministério da Saúde, Secretaria de Vigilância em Saúde, Departamento de Vigilância Epidemiológica. – Brasília: Ministério da Saúde, 2013.
Cruz, A. (2017). A Queda da imunização no Brasil. Revista Consensus, 7(3), 20-9.
da Silva, T. P. R., Brandão, L. G. V. A., Vieira, E. W. R., Maciel, T. B. S., da Silva, T. M. R., Luvisaro, B. M. O., & Matozinhos, F. P. (2022). Impact of COVID-19 pandemic on vaccination against meningococcal C infection in Brazil. Vaccine: X, 10, 100156.
da Silva Júnior, J. R., Andrade, J. C. F., & Silva, R. P. L. (2021). Identificação das causas da não vacinação em menores de dois anos no Brasil. Revista Eletrônica da Estácio Recife, 7(01).
GOV.BR (2022). Dia D de vacinação contra a poliomielite e multivacinação. <https://www.gov.br/saude/pt-br/assuntos/noticias/2022/agosto/dia-d-de-vacinacao-contra-a-poliomielite-e-multivacinacao-acontece-neste-sabado-20-em-todo-brasil>. Acesso em: 30 ago. de 2022.
Franco, M. A. E., Alves, A. C. R., Gouvêa, J. C. Z., Carvalho, C. C. F., de Miranda Filho, F., Lima, A. M. S., & Rosa, M. G. (2020). Causas da queda progressiva das taxas de vacinação da poliomielite no Brasil. Brazilian Journal of Health Review, 3(6), 18476-18486.
Galhardi, C. P., Freire, N. P., Minayo, M. C. D. S., & Fagundes, M. C. M. (2020). Fato ou Fake? Uma análise da desinformação frente à pandemia da Covid-19 no Brasil. Ciência & Saúde Coletiva, 25, 4201-4210.
Gomes, M. G., Freitas, F. T., Dias, J. L., & de Figueiredo Júnior, H. S. (2022). Análise epidemiológica da poliomielite viral no Brasil nos últimos cinco anos. Revista Ibero-Americana de Humanidades, Ciências e Educação, 8(3), 1943-1954.
Guerreiro, C., & Almeida, R. D. (2021). Religious denialism: Bolsonaro and evangelical leaders during the Covid-19 pandemic. Religião & Sociedade, 41, 49-74.
Matos, C. C. D. S. A., Barbieri, C. L. A., & Couto, M. T. (2020). Covid-19 and its impact on immunization programs: reflections from Brazil. Revista de Saúde Pública, 54.
Nascimento, D. R. D. (2011). As campanhas de vacinação contra a poliomielite no Brasil (1960-1990). Ciência & Saúde Coletiva, 16, 501-511.
Procianoy, G. S., Rossini Junior, F., Lied, A. F., Jung, L. F. P. P., & Souza, M. C. S. C. D. (2022). Impacto da pandemia do COVID-19 na vacinação de crianças de até um ano de idade: um estudo ecológico. Ciência & Saúde Coletiva, 27, 969-978.
Santana, E., Braz, C. L. M., Vital, T., & Gurgel, H. (2022). Cobertura vacinal da poliomielite na região Nordeste do Brasil no primeiro ano de pandemia por Covid-19. Estrabão, 3, 1-15.
Sato, A. P. S. (2018). Qual a importância da hesitação vacinal na queda das coberturas vacinais no Brasil? Revista de Saúde Pública, 52.
Silveira, B., Bentes, A. A., Andrade, M. C. V., Carvalho, A. L., Diniz, L. M. O., & Romanelli, R. M. C. (2019). Atualização em poliomielite. Rev Med Minas Gerais, 29(Supl 13), S74-S79.
Sinclair, W., & Omar, M. (2021). Enterovirus. In StatPearls [Internet]. StatPearls Publishing.
Tavares, F. N. (2015). O início do fim da poliomielite: 60 anos do desenvolvimento da vacina. Revista Pan-Amazônica de Saúde, 6(3), 3-3.
Tseha, S. T. (2021). Polio: The Disease that Reemerged after Six Years in Ethiopia. Ethiopian Journal of Health Sciences, 31(4).
Downloads
Published
How to Cite
Issue
Section
License
Copyright (c) 2023 Jéssica Samili de Negreiros Silva; Isaac Emanuel Loiola Lopes; Sara Ihasmyn Nunes de Souza; Andriu dos Santos Catena
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.
Authors who publish with this journal agree to the following terms:
1) Authors retain copyright and grant the journal right of first publication with the work simultaneously licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution License that allows others to share the work with an acknowledgement of the work's authorship and initial publication in this journal.
2) Authors are able to enter into separate, additional contractual arrangements for the non-exclusive distribution of the journal's published version of the work (e.g., post it to an institutional repository or publish it in a book), with an acknowledgement of its initial publication in this journal.
3) Authors are permitted and encouraged to post their work online (e.g., in institutional repositories or on their website) prior to and during the submission process, as it can lead to productive exchanges, as well as earlier and greater citation of published work.
