A clinical study: Evaluation of the slimming and hypoglycemic potential of medicinal plants Equisetum arvense and Camellia sinensis
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.33448/rsd-v12i8.42703Keywords:
Equisetum arvense; Camellia sinensis; Obesity; Diabetes Mellitus.Abstract
Medicinal plants Equisetum arvense and Camellia sinensis are popularly used in Brazil to treat obesity and diabetes mellitus. To prove the efficacy and safety of its continuous consumption, this study aimed to evaluate whether these plants could induce weight loss, reduction in body mass index and abdominal circumference, decrease in glycemic indexes, and if they could cause liver and kidney toxicity in research participants. For this purpose, applied longitudinal laboratory research was carried out in a sample of 09 healthy adult individuals who consumed daily, for 28 days, manipulated capsules containing the dry extract of each medicinal plant or capsules containing a placebo. Before, during, and after the experimental phase, the anthropometric variables were measured, and the participant's blood was collected for laboratory tests. Therefore, it could be verified that there was no correlation between the consumption of both plants and the occurrence of significant reduction (p < 0.05) in the sample's weight, body mass index, or abdominal circumference during the clinical trial. However, it was observed that the plant Camellia sinensis showed a hypoglycemic effect in its experimental group. In addition, it was found that none of the plants caused changes in the participant's liver and kidney functions, demonstrating the absence of toxicological effects in the tests. The results confirmed the importance of complementary studies that evaluate the therapeutic potential of the medicinal plants used empirically by the Brazilian population to treat different pathologies, predominantly obesity, and diabetes mellitus.
References
Bahia, C. A., Guimarães, R. M. & Asmus, C. I. R. F. (2014). Alterações nos marcadores hepáticos decorrentes da exposição ambiental a organoclorados no Brasil. Cadernos de Saúde Coletiva, 22(2), 133-141. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/1414-462x201400020005
Barbosa, P. J. B., Lessa, I., Filho, N. A., Magalhães, L. B. N. C. & Araújo, J. (2006). Critério de obesidade central em população brasileira: impacto sobre a síndrome metabólica. Arquivos Brasileiros de Cardiologia, 87(4), 407-414. https://doi.org/10.1590/S0066-782X2006001700003
Basu, A., Sanchez, K., Leyva, M. J., Wu, M., Betts, N. M., Aston, C. E. & Lyons, T. J. (2010). Green tea supplementation affects body weight, lipids, and lipid peroxidation in obese subjects with metabolic syndrome. Journal of the American College of Nutrition, 29(1), 31-40. https://doi.org/10.1080/07315724.2010.10719814
Bhat, T. A. & Begum, W. (2017). Efficacy of Tamarindus indicus, Melia azadirach and Santalum album in syndromic management of abnormal vaginal discharge: A single-blind randomized controlled trial. Journal of Complementary and Integrative Medicine, 15(2), 1-8. https://doi.org/10.1515/jcim-2015-0023
Bogdanski, P., Suliburska, J., Szulinska, M., Stepien, M., Pupek-Musialik, D. & Jablecka, A. (2012). Green tea extract reduces blood pressure, inflammatory biomarkers, and oxidative stress and improves parameters associated with insulin resistance in obese, hypertensive patients. Nutrition Research, 32(6), 421-427. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.nutres.2012.05.007
Borghi, C., Rossato, E., Vernaschi, G., Lázaro, I. & García, J. (2018). Efeito sinérgico dos fitoterápicos provenientes do Chá Verde (Camellia sinensis) e Cavalinha (Equisetum arvense) no combate à obesidade. Conic Semesp - 19° Congresso Nacional de Iniciação Científica. https://conic-semesp.org.br/anais/files/2019/trabalho-1000004362.pdf
Bottino, D. A., Nogueira, D. C. G., Lourenço, A. C., Fortes, V. S., Berreta, A. A. & Bouskela, E. (2014). Low dose of green tea catechin improves endothelial function and vascular smooth muscle cell reactivity in obese women. Medical Express, 1(5), 262-267. https://doi.org/10.5935/MedicalExpress.2014.05.09
Brijesh, Nair. (2019). Clinical Trial Designs. Indian Dermatology Online Journal, 10(2), 193-201. https://journals.lww.com/idoj/Fulltext/2019/10020/Clinical_Trial_Designs.23.aspx
Cavalcanti, D. S. P. & Jesus F. C. (2016). Propriedades medicinais da Cavalinha, Gengibre e Chá Verde que auxiliam no emagrecimento. Quinto seminário Pesquisar da faculdade Alfredo Nasser. http://www.faculdadealfredonasser.edu.br/files/Pesquisar_5/21-11-2016-21.52.04.pdf
Dullo, A.G., Duret, C., Rohrer, D. Girardier, L., Mensi, N., Fathi, M., Chantre, P. & Vandermander, J. (1999). Efficacy of a green tea extract rich in catechin polyphenols and caffeine in increasing 24-h energy expenditure and fat oxidation in humans. The American Journal of Clinical Nutrition, 70(6), 1040-1045.
https://doi.org/10.1093/ajcn/70.6.1040
Esteghamati, A., Mazaheri, T., Rad, M.V. & Noshad, S. (2015). Complementary and Alternative Medicine for the Treatment of Obesity: A Critical Review. International Journal of Endocrinology and Metabolism, 13(2), 1-9. https://dx.doi.org/10.5812/ijem.19678
Francischi, R. P. P., Pereira, L. O., Freitas, C. S, Klopfer, M., Santos, R. C., Vieira, P. & Júnior, A. H. L. (2000). Obesidade: Atualização sobre sua etiologia, morbidade e tratamento. Revista de Nutrição, 13(1), 17-28. https://doi.org/10.1590/S1415-52732000000100003
Funke, I. & Melzig, M. F. (2006). Traditionally used plants in diabetes therapy – phytotherapeutics as inhibitors of α-amilase activity. Brazilian Journal of Pharmacognosy, 16(1), 1-5. https://doi.org/10.1590/S0102-695X2006000100002
Hinault, C., Caroli-Bosc, P., Bost, F. & Chevalier, N. (2023). Critical Overview on Endocrine Disruptors in Diabetes Mellitus. International Journal of Molecular Sciences, 24(5), 1-20. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms24054537
Instituto Brasileiro de Geografia e Estatística. (2019). Pesquisa Nacional em Saúde: um em cada quatro adultos do país estava obeso em 2019 – Atenção Primária foi bem avaliada. https://agenciadenoticias.ibge.gov.br/agencia-noticias/2012-agencia-de-noticias/noticias/29204-um-em-cada-quatro-adultos-do-pais-estava-obeso-em-2019
Kajimoto, O., Kajimoto, Y., Yabune, M., Nakamura, T., Kotani, K., Suzuki, Y., Nozawa, A., Nagata, K., Unno, T., Sagesaka, Y. M., Kakuda, T. & Yoshikawa, T. Tea Catechins with a Galloyl Moiety Reduce Body Weight and Fat. (2005). Journal of Health Science, 51(2), 161-171. https://doi.org/10.1248/jhs.51.161
Kiani, A. K., Naureen Z., Pheby D., Henehan G., Brown R., Sieving P., Sykora P., Marks R., Falsini B., Capodicasa N., Miertus S., Lorusso L., Dondossola D., Tartaglia G. M., Ergoren M. C., Dundar M., Michelini S., Malacarne D., Bonetti G., Donato K., Medori M. C., Beccari T., Samaja M., Connelly S. T., Martin D., Morresi A., Bacu A., Herbst K. L., Kapustin M., Stuppia L., Lumer L., Farronato G. & Bertelli M. (2022). Methodology for clinical Research. Journal of Preventive Medicine and Hygiene, 63(3), 267-278. https://doi.org/10.15167/2421-4248/jpmh2022.63.2S3.2769
Ladeira, L. C. M. (2021). Efeitos da infusão de Camellia sinensis (L.) Kuntze sobre parâmetros morfofisiológicos cardíacos e renais de ratos Wistar com diabetes tipo I. Tese (Doutorado), Biologia Celular e Estrutural, Universidade Federal de Viçosa, Minas Gerais. https://locus.ufv.br//handle/123456789/28229
Mariath, A. B., Grillo, L. P., Silva, R. O., Schmitz, P., Campos, I. C., Medina, J. R. P. & Kruger, R. M. (2007). Obesidade e fatores de risco para o desenvolvimento de doenças crônicas não transmissíveis entre usuários de uma unidade de alimentação e nutrição. Cadernos de Saúde Pública, 23(4), 897-905. https://doi.org/10.1590/S0102-311X2007000400017
Mello, M. & Budel, J. M. (2013). Equisetum L. (Equisetaceae): Uma revisão. Cadernos da Escola de Saúde, 1(9), 1-15. https://portaldeperiodicos.unibrasil.com.br/index.php/cadernossaude/article/view/2370
Mimica-Dukic, N., Simin, N., Cvejic, J., Jovin, E., Orcic, D. & Bozin, B. (2008). Phenolic compounds in field horsetail (Equisetum arvense L.) as natural antioxidants. Molecules, 13(7), 1455-1464. https://doi.org/10.3390/molecules13071455
Ministério da Saúde. (2012). Práticas integrativas e complementares: plantas medicinais e fitoterapia na Atenção Básica. Cadernos de Atenção Básica, 31(1), 1-154. https://bvsms.saude.gov.br/bvs/publicacoes/praticas_integrativas_complementares_plantas_medicinais_cab31.pdf
Ministério da Saúde. (2014). Resolução da diretoria colegiada – RDC N°26. Agência Nacional de Vigilância Sanitária. https://bvsms.saude.gov.br/bvs/saudelegis/anvisa/2014/rdc0026_13_05_2014.pdf
Nagao, T., Komine, Y., Soga, S., Meguro, S., Hase, T. Tanaka, Y. & Tokimitsu, I. (2005). Ingestion of a tea rich in catechin leads to a reduction in body fat and malondialdehyde-modified LDL in men. The American Journal of Clinical Nutrition, 81 (1), 122-129. https://doi.org/10.1093/ajcn/81.1.122
Negri, G. (2005). Diabetes melito: plantas e princípios ativos naturais hipoglicemiantes. Revista Brasileira de Ciências Farmacêuticas, 41(2), 121-142. https://doi.org/10.1590/S1516-93322005000200002
Oliveira, C. L., Mello, M. T., Cintra, I. P. & Fisberg, M. (2004). Obesidade e síndrome metabólica na infância e adolescência. Revista de Nutrição, 17(2), 237-245. https://doi.org/10.1590/S1415-52732004000200010
Oliveira, I. C. & Cordeiro, P. B. M. H. (2013). Os Fitoterápicos como Coadjuvantes no Tratamento da Obesidade. Cadernos UniFOA, 8(1), 97-104. https://doi.org/10.47385/cadunifoa.v8.n1%20(Esp.).1240
Pitanga, F. J. G. & Lessa, I. (2005). Indicadores Antropométricos de Obesidade como Instrumento de Triagem para Risco Coronariano Elevado em Adultos na Cidade de Salvador - Bahia. Arquivos Brasileiros de Cardiologia, 85(1), 26-31. https://doi.org/10.1590/S0066-782X2005001400006
Pouliot, M. C., Després, J. P., Lemieux S., Moorjani S., Bouchard, C., Tremblay, A., Nadeu, A. & Lupien, P. J. (1994). Waist circumference and abdominal sagittal diameter: best simple anthropometric indexes of abdominal visceral adipose tissue accumulation and related cardiovascular risk in men and women. The American Journal of Cardiology, 73(7), 460-46. https://doi.org/10.1016/0002-9149(94)90676-9
Revilla, M. C., Andrade-Cetto, A., Islas, S. & Wiedenfeld, H. (2002). Hypoglycemic effect of Equisetum myriochaetum aerial parts on type 2 diabetic patients. Journal of Ethnopharmacology, 81(1), 117-120. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0378-8741(02)00053-3
Sartorelli, D. S. & Franco, L. J. (2003). Tendências do diabetes mellitus no Brasil: o papel da transição nutricional. Cadernos de Saúde Pública, 19(1), 29-36. https://doi.org/10.1590/S0102-311X2003000700004
Sociedade Brasileira de Diabetes. (2017). Diretrizes 2017-2018. https://edisciplinas.usp.br/pluginfile.php/4925460/mod_resource/content/1/diretrizes-sbd-2017-2018.pdf
Sociedade Brasileira de Nefrologia. (2011). E-book Biomarcadores na Nefrologia. https://periciamedicadf.com.br/manuais/biomarcadores_na_nefrologia.pdf
Teles, D. I. C. (2013). A Fitoterapia como tratamento complementar na Diabetes mellitus. Dissertação (Mestrado), Ciências Farmacêuticas, Universidade Fernando Pessoa, Porto. https://bdigital.ufp.pt/bitstream/10284/4080/1/Disserta%C3%A7%C3%A3o_DT%20FINAL.pdf
Verrengia, E. C., Kinoshita, S. A. T. K. & Amadei, J. L. (2013). Medicamentos Fitoterápicos no Tratamento da Obesidade. Uniciências, 17(1), 53-38. https://doi.org/10.17921/1415-5141.2013v17n1p%25p
Weisheimer, N., Filho, P. F. C., Neves, R. P. C., Sousa, R. M., Pinto, D. S. & Lemos, V. M. (2015). Fitoterapia como alternativa terapêutica à obesidade. Revista de Ciências da Saúde Nova Esperança, 13(1), 103-111. https://revista.facene.com.br/index.php/revistane/article/view/478
World Health Organization. (2021). Diabetes. https://www.who.int/news-room/fact-sheets/detail/diabetes
World Health Organization. (2021). Obesity and overweight. https://www.who.int/news-room/fact-sheets/detail/obesity-and-overweight
Downloads
Published
How to Cite
Issue
Section
License
Copyright (c) 2023 Camilla Renata Ribeiro Alves; Gabriela Ortega Coelho Thomazi
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.
Authors who publish with this journal agree to the following terms:
1) Authors retain copyright and grant the journal right of first publication with the work simultaneously licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution License that allows others to share the work with an acknowledgement of the work's authorship and initial publication in this journal.
2) Authors are able to enter into separate, additional contractual arrangements for the non-exclusive distribution of the journal's published version of the work (e.g., post it to an institutional repository or publish it in a book), with an acknowledgement of its initial publication in this journal.
3) Authors are permitted and encouraged to post their work online (e.g., in institutional repositories or on their website) prior to and during the submission process, as it can lead to productive exchanges, as well as earlier and greater citation of published work.
