Use of stem cells in the treatment of individuals with Autism Spectrum Disorder - Integrative review
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.33448/rsd-v13i3.45328Keywords:
Stem cells; Autistic spectrum; Stem cell therapy.Abstract
Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) is associated with multifactorial causes - genetic and environmental, such as prematurity, asphyxia and fetal exposure to alcohol and drugs. Studies indicate that genes such as NLGN4 and ASTN2 are associated with autism. Treatments are divided into behavioral, nutritional and medicinal approaches, but new findings in epigenetics and neuroimmunology suggest that hematopoietic stem cell therapies may be potential interventions for the treatment of autistic syndromes. The aim of this study was to carry out an integrative review on the use of stem cells in the therapy of individuals with autistic spectrum disorders. PubMed, Scielo, Google Scholar and Adolec databases were used, with articles published between 2010 and 2021. The PICo (Population, Phenomenon, Context) strategy was used to define the research question. Stem cells are unspecialized precursor cells that have the ability to self-renew, the ability to differentiate and the ability to reconstitute. However, the problem is how a new treatment using this therapy can influence the improvement of individuals with ASD, which is identified by observing the influence of transplanting these cells into humans on their motor and cognitive skills. The etiology of autism in the studies is indicated in the involvement of immunological dysregulations, but its pathophysiology remains poorly defined and the exact mechanisms of transplantation have yet to be confirmed and clarified, which suggests further studies in order to verify the effectiveness of this therapeutic approach in the long term.
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Copyright (c) 2024 Eduardo Oliveira Padilha; Maria de Fátima Vieira de Sousa Gonçalves; Isabella Garcia Laranjeira; Gabriela Oliveira Iargas; Bruna Alves Velasco; Jennyfer Rodrigues Vicentini; Sabrina Ramires Sakamoto
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