Epidemiological analysis of dengue in children and adolescents in Brazil: Reported cases, hospitalizations and deaths (2019-2023)
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.33448/rsd-v13i5.45529Keywords:
Dengue; Epidemiology; Hospitalization; Incidence; Pediatrics.Abstract
Objective: To analyze the epidemiological profile of notifications, hospitalizations, and deaths from dengue in children and adolescents in Brazil, between 2019 and 2023. Methodology: Ecological, descriptive, and quantitative study. Conducted in March 2024, using data from the Hospital Information System of the Unified Health System (AIH/SUS) and the Notifiable Diseases Information System (SINAN). The variables analyzed were age group, Brazilian regions, and temporality, calculating incidence rates and hospital lethality due to dengue. Results: In the last five years, there were 1,251,126 confirmed cases of dengue in Brazilians aged 0 to 19 years, with fluctuating incidence and peaks in 2019 and 2023. The highest incidence occurred in the Midwest region, and a progressive increase in reported cases was noted as age advanced throughout the country. The most hospitalized age groups were 10 to 14 years and 5 to 9 years, with higher hospital lethality among those under 1 year old. Conclusion: During the analyzed period, there was a 170% increase in dengue cases in 2022, sustained in the following year, expressing a trend of disease incidence growth. Despite limitations, the data provide a basis for health policies. Preventive measures are crucial to mitigate the impact, especially among children and adolescents. In summary, this study reinforces the need for na integrated approach to addressing dengue, especially among the most vulnerable groups such as children and adolescents.
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