Effects of supplementation strategies for beef cattle in tropical grassland conditions
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.33448/rsd-v9i9.6384Keywords:
Crossbred steers; Mineral supplementation; Nitrogen supplementation; Tropical forage.Abstract
This study was realized to evaluate the dry matter intake, nutrient digestibilities, and animal performance of crossbred steers grazing Brachiaria brizantha cv. Marandu, during the rainy season. Thirty-three crossbred steers with an average weight of 203.5 ± 39.5 kg were distributed in a completely randomized design with three treatments and eleven replications. The results were analyzed using an ANOVA and a Tukey test with a 5% probability of error. The three experimental diets were: MSA – mineral salt ad libitum; MSU - mineral salt + urea ad libitum and PSU - protein supplementation (0.1% of body weight). The dry matter intake of forage and total dry matter intake were similar (P > 0.05) among treatments. The dry matter, organic matter, neutral detergent fiber, crude protein, ether extract, non-fibrous carbohydrates and total carbohydrates digestibilitities coefficients were influenced (P < 0.05) by treatments. The final body weight, average daily gain, and feed efficiency were similar (P > 0.05) among treatments. The supplementation strategies used during the rainy season resulted in a similar performance; therefore, the strategy adopted could be chosen according to the economical and regional conditions of the production.
References
ANUALPEC. (2019). Anuário da Pecuária Brasileira (20th ed. Vol. 1). São Paulo, São Paulo, Brasil: Instituto FNP.
Casali, A. O., Detmann, E., Valadares Filho, S. C., Pereira, J. C., Henriques, L. T., Freitas, S. G., & Paulino, M. F. (2008). Influência do tempo de incubação e do tamanho de partículas sobre os teores de compostos indigestíveis em alimentos e fezes bovinas obtidos por procedimentos in situ. Revista Brasileira de Zootecnia, 37(2), 335–342. https://doi.org/10.1590/S1516-35982008000200021
Detmann, E., Valadares Filho, S. C., 2010. On the estimation of non-fibrous carbohydrates in feeds and diets. Arquivo Brasileiro de Medicina Veterinária e Zootecnia, 62, 980–984. https://doi.org/10.1590/S0102-09352010000400030
Detmann, E., Souza, M., Valadares Filho, S. C, Queiroz, A., Berchielli, T., Saliba, E., & Azevedo, J. (2012). Métodos para análise de alimentos—INCT—Ciência Animal (p. 214). Visconde do Rio Branco, Brazil: Suprema.
El-Memari Neto, A. C., Zeoula, L. M., Cecato, U., Prado, I. N., Caldas Neto, S. F., Kazama, R., & Oliveira, F. C. L. (2003). Suplementação de novilhos nelore em pastejo de Brachiaria brizantha com diferentes níveis e fontes de concentrado. Revista Brasileira de Zootecnia, 32(6 suppl 2), 1945–1955. https://doi.org/10.1590/S1516-35982003000800019
Ferraz, J. B. S., & Felício, P. E. (2010). Production systems – An example from Brazil. Meat Science, 84(2), 238–243. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.meatsci.2009.06.006
Greenwood, K. L., & McKenzie, B. M. (2001). Grazing effects on soil physical properties and the consequences for pastures: a review. Australian Journal of Experimental Agriculture, 41(8), 1231. https://doi.org/10.1071/EA00102
Kozloski, G. V (2011). Bioquímica dos ruminantes, (3a ed.), 1. Santa Maria: Editora Universidade Federal de Santa Maria.
Neves, D. S., Silva, R. R., Silva, F. F, Santos, L. V., Filho, G. A., Souza, S. O., & Carvalho, V. M. (2018). Increasing levels of supplementation for crossbred steers on pasture during the dry period of the year. Tropical Animal Health and Production, 50(7), 1411–1416. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11250-018-1574-y
NRC. (2000). Nutrient requirements of beef cattle: update 2000. National Academies Press.
Pesqueira-Silva, L. C. R., Zervoudakis, J. T., Cabral, L. S., Hatamoto-Zervoudakis, L. K., Silva-Marques, R. P., Koscheck, J. F. W., & Oliveira, A. A. (2015). Desempenho produtivo e econômico de novilhas Nelore suplementadas no período de transição seca-águas. Semina: Ciências Agrárias, 36(3), 2235–2246. https://doi.org/10.5433/1679-0359.2015v36n3Supl1p2235
Porto, M. O., Paulino, M. F., Valadares Filho, S. C., Sales, M. F. L., Leão, M. I., & Couto, V. R. M. (2009). Fontes suplementares de proteína para novilhos mestiços em recria em pastagens de capim-braquiária no período das águas: Desempenho produtivo e econômico. Revista Brasileira de Zootecnia, 38(8), 1553–1560. https://doi.org/10.1590/S1516-35982009000800020
Rocha, W. J. B., Silva, R. R., Silva, F. F., Carvalho, G. G. P., Silva, A. P. G., Silva, J. W. D., & Santos, L. V. (2019). Intake, digestibility, and growth performance of Girolando bulls supplemented on pasture in Bahia, Brazil. Tropical Animal Health and Production. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11250-019-01824-2
Silva, R. R., Prado, I. N., Carvalho, G. G. P., Silva, F. F., Almeida, V. V. S., Santana Júnior, H. A., & Filho, G. A. (2010). Níveis de suplementação na terminação de novilhos Nelore em pastagens: aspectos econômicos. Revista Brasileira de Zootecnia, 39(9), 2091–2097. https://doi.org/10.1590/s1516-35982010000900030
Smith, A. M., & Reid, J. T. (1955). Use of Chromic Oxide as an Indicator of Fecal Output for the Purpose of Determining the Intake of Pasture Herbage by Grazing Cows. Journal of Dairy Science, 38(5), 515–524. https://doi.org/10.3168/jds.S0022-0302(55)95006-2
Sniffen, C. J., O’Connor, J. D., Van Soest, P. J., Fox, D. G., & Russell, J. B. (1992). A net carbohydrate and protein system for evaluating cattle diets: II. Carbohydrate and protein availability. Journal of Animal Science, 70, 3562–3577. https://doi.org/10.2527/1992.70113562x
Souza, S. O., Silva, R. R., Silva, F. F., Carvalho, G. G. P., Silva, A. P. G., Silva, J. W. D., & Santos, L. V. (2019). Ingestive behaviour of steers grazing Brachiaria brizantha cultivar Marandu and in feedlot in Brazil. Tropical Animal Health and Production, 51(8), 2161–2166. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11250-019-01912-3
Weiss, W. P., Conrad, H. R., & St. Pierre, N. R. (1992). A theoretically-based model for predicting total digestible nutrient values of forages and concentrates. Animal Feed Science and Technology, 39(1–2), 95–110. https://doi.org/10.1016/0377-8401(92)90034-4
Downloads
Published
How to Cite
Issue
Section
License
Copyright (c) 2020 Venicio Macedo Carvalho, Robério Rodrigues Silva, Túlio Otávio Jardim D`Almeida Lins, Mateus de Melo Lisboa, Maria Magna Silva Pereira, George Abreu Filho, João Wilian Dias da Silva, Sinvaldo Oliveira de Souza, Vicente Diaz Avila, Ivanor Nunes do Prado
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.
Authors who publish with this journal agree to the following terms:
1) Authors retain copyright and grant the journal right of first publication with the work simultaneously licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution License that allows others to share the work with an acknowledgement of the work's authorship and initial publication in this journal.
2) Authors are able to enter into separate, additional contractual arrangements for the non-exclusive distribution of the journal's published version of the work (e.g., post it to an institutional repository or publish it in a book), with an acknowledgement of its initial publication in this journal.
3) Authors are permitted and encouraged to post their work online (e.g., in institutional repositories or on their website) prior to and during the submission process, as it can lead to productive exchanges, as well as earlier and greater citation of published work.
