Dissension over Covid-19 in Brazilian Social Networks: Isolation, Practices and Origin of the Virus
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.33448/rsd-v10i7.16266Keywords:
Covid-19; Social media; Fake News; Social representations; Social psychology.Abstract
The Coronavirus disease 2019 (Covid-19) pandemic has become emergent and central to communications on social media, in which several perspectives and conceptions intertwine and oppose, sometimes creating rumors and fake news. The message flow of social media can be studied within the theoretical framework of social representations. For this purpose, 300 messages about Covid-19 were gathered: 100 of individual profiles, 100 of governments and 100 fake news. An analysis of thematic content has been conducted on the three corpora. Divergently from the other means of communication, it may be observed that the fake news results are about the Chinese origin of the virus, offer homemade advice for prevention and cure of the virus and are prone to contest social isolation. Messages from individual and governmental profiles are mostly not about the origin of the virus but provide advice on hygiene practices, garbage disposal, physical activities, psychological care and defend social isolation.
References
Allport, G. W., & Postman, L. J. (1945). Section of psychology: The basic psychology of rumor. Transactions of the New York Academy of Sciences, 8, 61-81. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.2164-0947.1945.tb00216.x.
Bardin, L. (2011). Análise de conteúdo. São Paulo: Edições 70.
Bauer, M. W. (2008). Análise de conteúdo clássica: Uma revisão. In M. W. Bauer & G. Gaskell (Eds.), Pesquisa qualitativa com texto, imagem e som: Um manual prático (pp. 189-217). Petrópolis: Vozes.
Black, J. R., Bailey, C., Przewrocka, J., Dijkstra, K. K., & Swanton, C. (2020). COVID-19: The case for health-care worker screening to prevent hospital transmission. The Lancet, 395, 1418-1420. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0140-6736(20)30917-X.
Casalegno, F. (2006). Entrevista com Serge Moscovici – Memórias, rituais e ciber-representações. In F. Casalegno, Memória cotidiana: Comunidade e comunicação na era das redes (pp. 70-83). Porto Alegre: Sulina.
Gelfert, A. (2018). Fake News: A definition. Informal Logic, 38, 84–117. Retrieved from https://informallogic.ca/index.php/informal_logic/article/view/5068/4350.
Guimelli, C. (2003). Le modèle des schèmes cognitifs de base: Méthodes et applications. In J.-C. Abric (Ed.), Méthodes d’étude des représentations sociales (pp. 119-143). Ramonville Saint-Agne: Érès.
Hellewell, J., Abbott, S., Gimma, A., Bosse, N. I., Jarvis, C. I., Russell, T. W., ... & Funk, S. (2020). Feasibility of controlling COVID-19 outbreaks by isolation of cases and contacts. The Lancet Global Health, 8, 488-496. https://doi.org/10.1016/S2214-109X(20)30074-7.
Li, R., Pei, S., Chen, B., Song, Y., Zhang, T., Yang, W., & Shaman, J. (2020). Substantial undocumented infection facilitates the rapid dissemination of novel coronavirus (SARS-CoV-2). Science, 368, 489-493. https://doi.org/0.1126/science.abb3221.
Mazzotti, A. J. A., & Campos, P. H. F. (2011). Cibercultura: uma nova “era das representações sociais”?. In A. M. O. Almeida, M. F. S. Santos & Z. A. Trindade (Orgs.), Teoria das Representações Sociais: 50 anos (pp. 457-488). Brasília: TechnoPolitik Editora.
Ministério da Saúde. (2020). Secretaria de Vigilância em Saúde (SVS/MS). Painel Coronavírus. Retrieved from https://covid.saude.gov.br
Moscovici, S. (2009). Representações Sociais: Investigações em psicologia social. Petrópolis: Vozes.
Moscovici, S. (2012). A psicanálise, sua imagem e seu público. Petrópolis: Vozes.
Mukerji, N. (2018). What is Fake News?. Ergo, 5, 923-946. https://doi.org/10.3998/ergo.12405314.0005.035.
Neto, M., Gomes, T., Porto, F., Rafael, R., Fonseca, M., & Nascimento, J. (2020). Fake news no cenário da pandemia de Covid-19. Cogitare enfermagem, 25. http://dx.doi.org/10.5380/ce.v25i0.72627.
Nicola, M., Alsafi, Z., Sohrabi, C., Kerwan, A., Al-Jabir, A., Iosifidis, C., ... & Agha, R. (2020). The Socio-Economic Implications of the Coronavirus and COVID-19 Pandemic: A Review. International Journal of Surgery, 1-24. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ijsu.2020.04.018
Rouquette, M.-L. (1975). Les rumeurs. Paris: PUF.
Rouquette, M.-L. (1991). Rumeurs. In Grand dictionnaire de la Psychologie. Paris: Larousse, 683-684.
Rouquette, M.-L. (1994). Chaînes magiques, les maillons de l’appartenance. Neuchâtel: Delachaux et Niestlé.
Rouquette, M.-L. (1998). La communication sociale. Paris: Dunod.
Sá, C. P. (1996). Núcleo central das representações sociais. Petrópolis: Vozes.
Schulz, A., Wirth, W., & Müller, P. (2020). We are the people and you are fake news: A social identity approach to populist citizens’ false consensus and hostile media perceptions. Communication Research, 47, 201–226. https://doi.org/10.1177/0093650218794854
Shimizu, K. (2020). 2019-nCoV, fake news, and racism. The Lancet, 395, 685–686. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0140-6736(20)30357-3
We Are Social & Hootsuite (2020). Digital 2020 Brazil. Retrieved from https://datareportal.com/reports/digital-2020-brazil
World Health Organization (2020a). Rolling updates on coronavirus disease (COVID-19). Retrieved from https://www.who.int/emergencies/diseases/novel-coronavirus-2019/events-as-they-happen.
World Health Organization (2020b). Coronavirus disease (COVID-19) pandemic. Retrieved from https://www.who.int/emergencies/diseases/novel-coronavirus-2019.
Zarocostas, J. (2020). How to fight an infodemic. World Report. The Lancet, 395, 676. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0140-6736(20)30461-X
Downloads
Published
How to Cite
Issue
Section
License
Copyright (c) 2021 Flaviane da Costa Oliveira; Rafael Wolter; Thiago Rafael Santin; Álvaro Peixoto; Heloisa Maria Silva e Silva Pinto; Ana Clara Lopes Oliveira Reis; Júlia Ott; Antonio Marcos Tosoli Gomes
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.
Authors who publish with this journal agree to the following terms:
1) Authors retain copyright and grant the journal right of first publication with the work simultaneously licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution License that allows others to share the work with an acknowledgement of the work's authorship and initial publication in this journal.
2) Authors are able to enter into separate, additional contractual arrangements for the non-exclusive distribution of the journal's published version of the work (e.g., post it to an institutional repository or publish it in a book), with an acknowledgement of its initial publication in this journal.
3) Authors are permitted and encouraged to post their work online (e.g., in institutional repositories or on their website) prior to and during the submission process, as it can lead to productive exchanges, as well as earlier and greater citation of published work.