Rational use of antibiotics – A narrative review
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.33448/rsd-v11i14.35999Keywords:
Drug Resistance; Drug Utilization; Anti-bacterial agents.Abstract
Introduction: The advent of antibiotics in the 1940s certainly revolutionized modern medicine and provided modern man with a sense of security regarding the risks facing a bacterial infection. This euphoria, however, was present for a limited period, as the apparent solution to an old problem raised an even greater one – antibiotic resistance. Objectives: to carry out a literature review presenting a relevant discussion about antimicrobial resistance and bring recent evidence regarding the rational use of antibiotics. Methodology: searches were carried out in the Scielo, PubMed and Google Scholar databases, using the keywords: Bacterial Pharmacoresistance, Rational Use of Medicines and Antibiotics. Discussion and conclusion: The rational use of antibiotics is based on a series of basic knowledge that underpins clinical reasoning and allows the assistant to use these drugs more assertively, in order to obtain better results and minimize the risks of their use. In addition to the known adverse effects, the use of these drugs encompasses what has been a worldwide health problem for decades, mainly due to unnecessary, inappropriate or suboptimal use in the case of health professionals. Therefore, the current situation requires the discussion and implementation of measures aimed at regulating the sale and its effective inspection, as well as educating the population and professionals on the subject through constant discussion and updating on the subject.
References
Alfayate Miguélez, S., & Garcia-Marcos, L. (2020). Rational use of antimicrobials in the treatment of upper airway infections. Jornal de Pediatria, 96, 111–119. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jped.2019.11.001
Da Costa, A. L. P., & Silva Junior, A. C. S. (2017). Resistência bacteriana aos antibióticos e Saúde Pública: Uma breve revisão de literatura. Estação Científica (UNIFAP), 7(2), 45. https://doi.org/10.18468/estcien.2017v7n2.p45-57
de la Poza Abad, M., Mas Dalmau, G., Moreno Bakedano, M., González González, A. I., Canellas Criado, Y., Hernández Anadón, S., Rotaeche del Campo, R., Torán Monserrat, P., Negrete Palma, A., Muñoz Ortiz, L., Borrell Thió, E., Llor, C., Little, P., Alonso-Coello, P., & for the Delayed Antibiotic Prescription (DAP) Group. (2016). Prescription Strategies in Acute Uncomplicated Respiratory Infections: A Randomized Clinical Trial. JAMA Internal Medicine, 176(1), 21. https://doi.org/10.1001/jamainternmed.2015.7088
Dodds, D. R. (2017). Antibiotic resistance: A current epilogue. Biochemical Pharmacology, 134, 139–146. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.bcp.2016.12.005
Furtado, R. H. M., Berwanger, O., Fonseca, H. A., Corrêa, T. D., Ferraz, L. R., Lapa, M. G., Zampieri, F. G., Veiga, V. C., Azevedo, L. C. P., Rosa, R. G., Lopes, R. D., Avezum, A., Manoel, A. L. O., Piza, F. M. T., Martins, P. A., Lisboa, T. C., Pereira, A. J., Olivato, G. B., Dantas, V. C. S., … Cavalcanti, A. B. (2020). Azithromycin in addition to standard of care versus standard of care alone in the treatment of patients admitted to the hospital with severe COVID-19 in Brazil (COALITION II): A randomised clinical trial. The Lancet, 396(10256), 959–967. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0140-6736(20)31862-6
Gaynes, R., & Levy, S. (2015). Improving Outpatient Antibiotic Prescribing for Respiratory Tract Infections: Results of New Algorithms Used in European Trials. Infection Control & Hospital Epidemiology, 36(6), 725–729. https://doi.org/10.1017/ice.2015.49
Grigoryan, L., Trautner, B. W., & Gupta, K. (2014). Diagnosis and Management of Urinary Tract Infections in the Outpatient Setting: A Review. JAMA, 312(16), 1677. https://doi.org/10.1001/jama.2014.12842
Harris, A. M., Hicks, L. A., Qaseem, A., & for the High Value Care Task Force of the American College of Physicians and for the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. (2016). Appropriate Antibiotic Use for Acute Respiratory Tract Infection in Adults: Advice for High-Value Care From the American College of Physicians and the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. Annals of Internal Medicine, 164(6), 425. https://doi.org/10.7326/M15-1840
Langford, B. J., So, M., Raybardhan, S., Leung, V., Westwood, D., MacFadden, D. R., Soucy, J.-P. R., & Daneman, N. (2020). Bacterial co-infection and secondary infection in patients with COVID-19: A living rapid review and meta-analysis. Clinical Microbiology and Infection, S1198743X20304237. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cmi.2020.07.016
Lerminiaux, N. A., & Cameron, A. D. S. (2019). Horizontal transfer of antibiotic resistance genes in clinical environments. Canadian Journal of Microbiology, 65(1), 34–44. https://doi.org/10.1139/cjm-2018-0275
McKay, R., Mah, A., Law, M. R., McGrail, K., & Patrick, D. M. (2016). Systematic Review of Factors Associated with Antibiotic Prescribing for Respiratory Tract Infections. Antimicrobial Agents and Chemotherapy, 60(7), 4106–4118. https://doi.org/10.1128/AAC.00209-16
Mota de Sousa, L. M., Furtado Firmino, C., Alves Marques-Vieira, C. M., Silva Pedro Severino, S., & Castelão Figueira Carlos Pestana, H. (2018). Revisões da literatura científica: Tipos, métodos e aplicações em enfermagem. Revista Portuguesa de Enfermagem de Reabilitação, 1(1), 45–55. https://doi.org/10.33194/rper.2018.v1.n1.07.4391
Munita, J. M., & Arias, C. A. (2016). Mechanisms of Antibiotic Resistance. Microbiology Spectrum, 4(2). https://doi.org/10.1128/microbiolspec.VMBF-0016-2015
Nicolini, P., Nascimento, J. W. L., Greco, K. V., & Menezes, F. G. de. (2008). Fatores relacionados à prescrição médica de antibióticos em farmácia pública da região Oeste da cidade de São Paulo. Ciência & Saúde Coletiva, 13(suppl), 689–696. https://doi.org/10.1590/S1413-81232008000700018
Piltcher, O. B., Kosugi, E. M., Sakano, E., Mion, O., Testa, J. R. G., Romano, F. R., Santos, M. C. J., Di Francesco, R. C., Mitre, E. I., Bezerra, T. F. P., Roithmann, R., Padua, F. G., Valera, F. C. P., Lubianca Neto, J. F., Sá, L. C. B., Pignatari, S. S. N., Avelino, M. A. G., Caixeta, J. A. de S., Anselmo-Lima, W. T., & Tamashiro, E. (2018). How to avoid the inappropriate use of antibiotics in upper respiratory tract infections? A position statement from an expert panel. Brazilian Journal of Otorhinolaryngology, 84(3), 265–279. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.bjorl.2018.02.001
Roca, I., Akova, M., Baquero, F., Carlet, J., Cavaleri, M., Coenen, S., Cohen, J., Findlay, D., Gyssens, I., Heure, O. E., Kahlmeter, G., Kruse, H., Laxminarayan, R., Liébana, E., López-Cerero, L., MacGowan, A., Martins, M., Rodríguez-Baño, J., Rolain, J.-M., … Vila, J. (2015). The global threat of antimicrobial resistance: Science for intervention. New Microbes and New Infections, 6, 22–29. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.nmni.2015.02.007
Rosenfeld, R. M., Piccirillo, J. F., Chandrasekhar, S. S., Brook, I., Ashok Kumar, K., Kramper, M., Orlandi, R. R., Palmer, J. N., Patel, Z. M., Peters, A., Walsh, S. A., & Corrigan, M. D. (2015). Clinical Practice Guideline (Update): Adult Sinusitis. Otolaryngology–Head and Neck Surgery, 152(2_suppl), S1–S39. https://doi.org/10.1177/0194599815572097
Spivak, E. S., Cosgrove, S. E., & Srinivasan, A. (2016). Measuring Appropriate Antimicrobial Use: Attempts at Opening the Black Box. Clinical Infectious Diseases, 63(12), 1–6. https://doi.org/10.1093/cid/ciw658
Stevens, D. L., Bisno, A. L., Chambers, H. F., Dellinger, E. P., Goldstein, E. J. C., Gorbach, S. L., Hirschmann, J. V., Kaplan, S. L., Montoya, J. G., & Wade, J. C. (2014). Practice Guidelines for the Diagnosis and Management of Skin and Soft Tissue Infections: 2014 Update by the Infectious Diseases Society of America. Clinical Infectious Diseases, 59(2), e10–e52. https://doi.org/10.1093/cid/ciu296
Tavares, W. (2014). Antibióticos e quimioterápicos para o clínico. Atheneu.
World Health Organization (Org.). (2014). Antimicrobial resistance: Global report on surveillance. World Health Organization
Downloads
Published
How to Cite
Issue
Section
License
Copyright (c) 2022 Getúlio Marcos Soliman Ragnini; Valmir Schvinn Júnior; Lourenço Zanotto
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.
Authors who publish with this journal agree to the following terms:
1) Authors retain copyright and grant the journal right of first publication with the work simultaneously licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution License that allows others to share the work with an acknowledgement of the work's authorship and initial publication in this journal.
2) Authors are able to enter into separate, additional contractual arrangements for the non-exclusive distribution of the journal's published version of the work (e.g., post it to an institutional repository or publish it in a book), with an acknowledgement of its initial publication in this journal.
3) Authors are permitted and encouraged to post their work online (e.g., in institutional repositories or on their website) prior to and during the submission process, as it can lead to productive exchanges, as well as earlier and greater citation of published work.
