Grandparents and Cultures: Relationships and intergenerational experiences in times of the COVID-19 pandemic

Authors

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.33448/rsd-v12i3.40631

Keywords:

Interculturality; Covid-19 pandemic; Development; Grandparents; Cultures.

Abstract

In different cultures, the elderly, especially the grandparents, are links of support and solidarity between generations, functioning as anchors of culture, care, education, affection and transmission. This research aimed to analyze reports lived among grandparents, in times of the Covid-19 pandemic. It is a descriptive, exploratory, qualitative and intercultural study, based on semi-structured and open interviews. 37 grandparents from Brazil, Portugal and Uruguay participated in this study. The main results indicate that affective relationships are maintained, but the type of care and activities differ between face-to-face and virtual grandparents.

Author Biographies

Rosa Maria da Motta Azambuja, Universidad de la Empresa; CEMRI

Pedagogue. Master and PhD in Family at Sociedade Contemporânea (UCSal). Undergraduate and Graduate Professor at Faculdade Batista Brasileira (FBB). Master's External Tutor (UDE)

Maria Natália Ramos, Universidade Aberta de Lisboa; CEMRI

Associate Professor of the Open University, Portugal, where he is teaching on undergraduate and graduate program. Scientific Coordinator of the Center for the Study of Migrations and Intercultural Relations, CEMRI, UAb, FCT. Researcher Coordinator of the Research Group, Health, Culture and Development, CEMRI/UAb. PhD and Post-Doctorate in Psychology from the University of Paris V, Sorbonne, France.

Maria Conceição Pereira Ramos, Universidade do Porto; CEMRI

Professor at the Faculty of Economics, University of Porto. Researcher at the Center for the study of migrations and Intercultural relations, CEMRI, FCT of the Open University. PhD in Economic Science from the University of Paris I, Sorbonne and Master in Economics of human resources by this same university. Graduated in economics from the Faculty of Economics of the University of Coimbra.

References

Amado, J. (Coord.) (2017). Manual de Investigação Qualitativa (3a ed.). Coimbra: Imprensa da Universidade de Coimbra.

American Psychological Association. (2020). Pandemics. https://www.apa.org/practice/programs/dmhi/research-information/pandemics.

Bardin, L. (2011). Análise de conteúdo. Edições 70.

Bronfenbrenner, U. (2005). On the natural of biological theory and research. In U. Bronfenbrenner (Ed.). Making Human Beings Human Thousand. Oaks, CA: SAGE. p. 3-15.

Brooks, S. K. et al. (2020). The psychological impact of quarantine and how to reduce it: rapid review of the evidence. The Lancet. 395(10227), 912-20. https://www.thelancet.com/journals/lancet/article/PIIS0140-6736(20)30460-8/fulltext.

Choi, H., Irwin, M. R., & Cho, H. J. (2015). Impact of social isolation on behavioral health in elderly: Systematic review. World journal of psychiatry, 5(4), 432–438. https://doi.org/10.5498/wjp.v5.i4.432

Cluver, L., Lachman, J. M., Sherr, L., Wessels, I., Krug, E., Rakotomalala, S., Blight, S., Hillis, S., Bachman, G., Green, O., Butchart, A., Tomlinson, M., Ward, C. L., Doubt, J., & McDonald, K. (2020). Parenting in a time of COVID-19. Lancet (London, England), 395(10231), e64. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0140-6736 (20)30736-4.

Comissão Europeia (2021). Livro verde sobre o envelhecimento. Promover a responsabilidade e a solidariedade entre gerações. Bruxelas, 27.1.2021, COM 50 final. https://op.europa.eu/pt/publication-detail/-/publication/d918b520-63a9-11eb-aeb5-01aa75ed71a1.

Coutinho, M.A.G. & Rabinovich, R.P. (2020). Avós: pandemia de sentimentos. In. Rabinovich, E.P; Sá. S.M.P. (Org.). Envelhecimento & Velhice em Tempos de Pandemia. Curitiba: CRV. p.177-194.

Creswell, J. W. (2018). Research Design: Qualitative, Quantitative, and Mixed Methods Approaches. London: SAGE Publications.

Diniz E. & Koller, S.H. (2010). O afeto como um processo de desenvolvimento ecológico. Educar, Curitiba, n. 36, 65-76. https://www.researchgate.net/publication/258757226_Affection_as_an_ecologic_development_process.

Eurofoud (2020). Living, working and COVID-19. Luxembourg: Publications Office of the European Union.

Even-Zohar, A., & Garby, A. (2016). Great-Grandparents’ Role Perception and Its Contribution to Their Quality of Life. Journal of Intergenerational Relationships, 14(3), 197–219.

Jiao, W. Y., Wang, L. N., Liu, J., Fang, S. F., Jiao, F. Y., Pettoello-Mantovani, M., & Somekh, E. (2020). Behavioral and Emotional Disorders in Children during the COVID-19 Epidemic. The Journal of pediatrics, 221, 264–266.e1. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jpeds.2020.03.013

Lloyd-Sherlock, P., Ebrahim, S., Geffen, L., & McKee, M. (2020). Bearing the brunt of covid-19: older people in low and middle income countries. BMJ (Clinical research ed.), 368, m1052. https://doi.org/10.1136/bmj.m1052

Monahan, C., Macdonald, J., Lytle, A., Apriceno, M., & Levy, S. R. (2020). COVID-19 and ageism: How positive and negative responses impact older adults and society. The American psychologist, 75(7), 887–896. https://doi.org/10.1037/amp0000699.

Novais, F., Cordeiro, C., Câmara Pestana, P., Côrte-Real, B., Reynolds Sousa, T., Delerue Matos, A., & Telles-Correia, D. (2021). The Impact of COVID-19 in Older People in Portugal: Results from the Survey of Health, Ageing and Retirement (SHARE). Acta Médica Portuguesa, 34(11), 761–766. https://doi.org/10.20344/amp.16209.

Oliveira, J. A. S., & Ramos, M. N. P. (2021). Conflitos Intergeracionais na Família e Saúde Mental dos Idosos. Revista Kairós-Gerontologia, 24(1), 213-231. São Paulo (SP), Brasil: FACHS/NEPE/PUC-SP. https://doi.org/10.23925/2176-901X.2021v24i1p213-231. http://hdl.handle.net/10400.2/10712.

Ornell, F., Schuch, J. B., Sordi, A. O., & Kessler, F. H. P. (2020). "Pandemic fear" and COVID-19: mental health burden and strategies. Revista brasileira de psiquiatria (São Paulo, Brasil, 42(3), 232–235. https://doi.org/10.1590/1516-4446-2020-0008u.

Ramos, M. C. P. (2015). Envelhecimento ativo, segurança e saúde no trabalho - desafios contemporâneos. In: Pina, H.; Martins, F. (Eds.). The Overarching Issues of the European Space – Spatial Planning and Multiple Paths to Sustainable and Inclusive Development. Porto: FLUP, p. 49-66.

Ramos, M. C. P. (2017). Envelhecimento, migrações e solidariedades intergeracionais. In. Moreira, L.; Rabinovich, E.; & Ramos, M.N.P. (Orgs.). Pais, Avós e Relacionamentos Intergeracionais na Família Contemporânea. v. 5, Curitiba: Ed. CRV. p. 381-395.

Ramos, M. C. (2021). Trabalhadores mais velhos: aprendizagens, competências e empregabilidade. In. Oliveira, A. L.; Schütz, J. A.; & Amaral, M. A. F. (Orgs.). Vozes da educação. Pesquisas e escritas contemporâneas. v. 2, Cruz Alta (Brasil): Ed. Ilustração, p. 209-228.

Ramos, N. (2017). Família, solidariedade e relações intergeracionais e de género: avós e netos na contemporaneidade. In. Moreira, L.; Rabinovich, E. P.; & Ramos, N. (Org.). Pais, avós e relacionamentos intergeracionais na família contemporânea. Curitiba: Ed. CRV, p. 227-247.

Ramos, N. (2019). Intergeracionalidade e tecnologias de informação e comunicação. In. Barradas, S. & Oliveira, A. (Org.). Aprender, envelhecer, ser: Agenda Científica de Gerontologia. Lisboa: Alma Letra Edições, p. 153-159.

Ramos. M. N. P., Rabinovich, E. P. & Azambuja, R. M. M. (2020). Avós e netos frente às novas tecnologias no Brasil e em Portugal. Research, Society and Development. 9(8), 1-20. https://repositorioaberto.uab.pt/handle/10400.2/9902.

Ramos, M. N. (2020). Envelhecimento, família, intergeracionalidade e pandemia covid-19. In. Rabinovich, E.P. & Sá, S.M.P. (Orgs.). Envelhecimento & Velhice em Tempos de Pandemia. Curitiba: CRV, p. 41-54.

Ramos, N. (2021). Populações migrantes em tempos de pandemia da covid-19: desafios psicossociais, comunicacionais e de saúde. M. Ennes; A. Goes; C. Meneses (Orgs.). Migrações internacionais sob múltiplas perspectivas. Aracaju: Criação Editora, p. 153- 176. http://hdl.handle.net/10400.2/11274.

Silva, N. P. & Dias, C.M.S.B. (1999). Avôs e avós: percepção do papel. Revista Symposium, Psicologia, 3, 51-67.

Torres, K. A. (2019). A Relação entre avós idosos (as) e netos (as) por meio das Tecnologias de Informação e Comunicação. Tese de Doutorado. UNICAP. http://tede2.unicap.br:8080/handle/tede/1247.

Turato E.R. (2000). Introduction to the clinical-qualitative research methodology: definition and main characteristics. Rev Portug Psicossomática. 2, 93-108. https://www.redalyc.org/pdf/287/28720111.pdf.

UNESCO (2016). Terceiro relatório global sobre aprendizagem e educação de adultos. Brasília. 156p. https://unesdoc.unesco.org/ark:/48223/pf0000247056.

UNRIC (2018). Guia sobre o desenvolvimento sustentável – 17 objetivos para transformar o nosso mundo. Bruxelas: Centro Regional de Informação das Nações Unidas para a Europa Ocidental.

Villas-Boas, S., Oliveira, A. L., Ramos, N., & Montero, I. (2019). Predictors of quality of life in different age groups across adulthood. Journal of Intergenerational Relationships, 17(1), 42-57. https://doi.org/10.1080/15350770.2018.1500330.

Zoboli, E. L. C. P. (2003). Bioética do cuidar: a ênfase na dimensão relacional. Estima – Brazilian Journal of Enterostomal Therapy, 1(1). https://www.revistaestima.com.br/estima/article/view/124.

World Health Organization (2020a). Mental health and psychosocial considerations during the COVID-19 outbreak. Geneva: WHO. https://apps.who.int/iris/bitstream/handle/10665/331490/WHO-2019-nCoV-MentalHealth-2020.1-eng.pdf.

Word Health Organization (2020b). Coronavirus disease (COVID-19) advice for the public: Healthy Parenting. Geneva: WHO. https://www.who.int/emergencies/diseases/novel-coronavirus-2019/advice-for-public/healthy-parenting.

Downloads

Published

19/03/2023

How to Cite

AZAMBUJA, R. M. da M. .; RAMOS, M. N. .; RAMOS, M. C. P. . Grandparents and Cultures: Relationships and intergenerational experiences in times of the COVID-19 pandemic. Research, Society and Development, [S. l.], v. 12, n. 3, p. e27312340631, 2023. DOI: 10.33448/rsd-v12i3.40631. Disponível em: https://rsdjournal.org/index.php/rsd/article/view/40631. Acesso em: 23 nov. 2024.

Issue

Vol. 12 No. 3

Section

Human and Social Sciences

License

Copyright (c) 2023 Rosa Maria da Motta Azambuja; Maria Natália Ramos; Maria Conceição Pereira Ramos

Creative Commons License

This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.

Authors who publish with this journal agree to the following terms:

1) Authors retain copyright and grant the journal right of first publication with the work simultaneously licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution License that allows others to share the work with an acknowledgement of the work's authorship and initial publication in this journal.

2) Authors are able to enter into separate, additional contractual arrangements for the non-exclusive distribution of the journal's published version of the work (e.g., post it to an institutional repository or publish it in a book), with an acknowledgement of its initial publication in this journal.

3) Authors are permitted and encouraged to post their work online (e.g., in institutional repositories or on their website) prior to and during the submission process, as it can lead to productive exchanges, as well as earlier and greater citation of published work.