Post-acute COVID-19 syndrome and musculoskeletal manifestations: an overview
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.33448/rsd-v12i4.41092Keywords:
COVID-19; SARS-Cov-2; Fatigue; Musculoskeletal system; Musculoskeletal pain; Musculoskeletal diseases.Abstract
Post-acute COVID-19 syndrome (also known as long COVID) refers to the persistence of COVID-19 symptoms for at least four weeks following the acute phase of the disease caused by SARS-CoV-2 infection. This study aims to provide a narrative review of the musculoskeletal manifestations of long COVID-19. While prevalence rates varied among studies, chronic fatigue, myalgia, arthralgia, and arthritis were consistently reported as the most common manifestations. Notably, a positive correlation was observed between the length of hospital stay and the likelihood of experiencing long COVID-19 symptoms. Moreover, women were found to be more susceptible to this condition than men.
References
Bakılan, F., Gökmen, İ. G., Ortanca, B., Uçan, A., Eker Güvenç, Ş., Şahin Mutlu, F., Gökmen, H. M., & Ekim, A. (2021). Musculoskeletal symptoms and related factors in postacute COVID-19 patients. International journal of clinical practice, 75(11), e14734.
Beydon, M., Chevalier, K., Al Tabaa, O., Hamroun, S., Delettre, A. S., Thomas, M., Herrou, J., Riviere, E., & Mariette, X. (2021). Myositis as a manifestation of SARS-CoV-2. Annals of the rheumatic diseases, 80(3), e42.
Brüssow, H., & Timmis, K. (2021). COVID-19: Long Covid and its societal consequences. Environmental Microbiology, 23(8), 4077-4091.
Ciaffi, J., Vanni, E., Facchini, G., Miceli, M., & Ursini, F. (2022). Transient osteoporosis of the hip: a novel vascular manifestation of COVID-19?. Rheumatology (Oxford, England), keac537.
Cincinelli, G., Di Taranto, R., Orsini, F., Rindone, A., Murgo, A., & Caporali, R. (2021). A case report of monoarthritis in a COVID-19 patient and literature review: Simple actions for complex times. Medicine, 100(23), e26089.
Cipollaro, L., Giordano, L., Padulo, J., Oliva, F., & Maffulli, N. (2020). Musculoskeletal symptoms in SARS-CoV-2 (COVID-19) patients. Journal of orthopaedic surgery and research, 15(1), 178.
Coluzzi, F., Marinangeli, F., & Pergolizzi, J. (2020). Managing chronic pain patients at the time of COVID-19 pandemic. Minerva Anestesiologica, 86(8), 797-799.
Crook, H., Raza, S., Nowell, J., Young, M., & Edison, P. (2021). Long covid-mechanisms, risk factors, and management. BMJ (Clinical research ed.), 374, n1648.
Disser, N. P., De Micheli, A. J., Schonk, M. M., Konnaris, M. A., Piacentini, A. N., Edon, D. L., Toresdahl, B. G., Rodeo, S. A., Casey, E. K., & Mendias, C. L. (2020). Musculoskeletal Consequences of COVID-19. The Journal of bone and joint surgery. American volume, 102(14), 1197–1204.
Fernández-de-Las-Peñas, C., Palacios-Ceña, D., Gómez-Mayordomo, V., Cuadrado, M. L., & Florencio, L. L. (2021). Defining Post-COVID Symptoms (Post-Acute COVID, Long COVID, Persistent Post-COVID): An Integrative Classification. International journal of environmental research and public health, 18(5), 2621.
Garg, M., Maralakunte, M., Garg, S., Dhooria, S., Sehgal, I., Bhalla, A. S., Vijayvergiya, R., Grover, S., Bhatia, V., Jagia, P., Bhalla, A., Suri, V., Goyal, M., Agarwal, R., Puri, G. D., & Sandhu, M. S. (2021). The Conundrum of 'Long-COVID-19': A Narrative Review. International journal of general medicine, 14, 2491–2506.
Gawronska, K., & Lorkowski, J. (2021). Falls as One of the Atypical Presentations of COVID-19 in Older Population. Geriatric orthopaedic surgery & rehabilitation, 12, 2151459321996619.
Hoong, C. W. S., Amin, M. N. M. E., Tan, T. C., & Lee, J. E. (2021). Viral arthralgia a new manifestation of COVID-19 infection? A cohort study of COVID-19-associated musculoskeletal symptoms. International journal of infectious diseases:IJID: official publication of the International Society for Infectious Diseases, 104, 363–369.
Jiang, D. H., Roy, D. J., Gu, B. J., Hassett, L. C., & McCoy, R. G. (2021). Postacute Sequelae of Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 Infection: A State-of-the-Art Review. JACC. Basic to translational science, 6(9), 796–811.
Lim, M. A., & Kurniawan, A. A. (2021). Dreadful Consequences of Sarcopenia and Osteoporosis due to COVID-19 Containment. Geriatric orthopaedic surgery & rehabilitation, 12, 2151459321992746.
Lisco, G., De Tullio, A., Stragapede, A., Solimando, A. G., Albanese, F., Capobianco, M., Giagulli, V. A., Guastamacchia, E., De Pergola, G., Vacca, A., Racanelli, V., & Triggiani, V. (2021). COVID-19 and the Endocrine System: A Comprehensive Review on the Theme. Journal of clinical medicine, 10(13), 2920.
Marshall M. (2021). The four most urgent questions about long COVID. Nature, 594(7862), 168–170.
Montani, D., Savale, L., Noel, N., Meyrignac, O., Colle, R., Gasnier, M., Corruble, E., Beurnier, A., Jutant, E. M., Pham, T., Lecoq, A. L., Papon, J. F., Figueiredo, S., Harrois, A., Humbert, M., Monnet, X., & COMEBAC Study Group (2022). Post-acute COVID-19 syndrome. European respiratory review : an official journal of the European Respiratory Society, 31(163), 210185.
Morley, J. E., Kalantar-Zadeh, K., & Anker, S. D. COVID-19: a major cause of cachexia and sarcopenia?. J Cachexia Sarcopenia Muscle. 2020;11(4):863-865.
Nalbandian, A., Sehgal, K., Gupta, A., Madhavan, M. V., McGroder, C., Stevens, J. S., Cook, J. R., Nordvig, A. S., Shalev, D., Sehrawat, T. S., Ahluwalia, N., Bikdeli, B., Dietz, D., Der-Nigoghossian, C., Liyanage-Don, N., Rosner, G. F., Bernstein, E. J., Mohan, S., Beckley, A. A., Seres, D. S., & Wan, E. Y. (2021). Post-acute COVID-19 syndrome. Nature medicine, 27(4), 601–615.
Pires, R. E., Reis, I. G. N., Waldolato, G. S., Pires, D. D., Bidolegui, F., & Giordano, V. (2022). What Do We Need to Know About Musculoskeletal Manifestations of COVID-19?: A Systematic Review. JBJS reviews, 10(6).
Ramani, S. L., Samet, J., Franz, C. K., Hsieh, C., Nguyen, C. V., Horbinski, C., & Deshmukh, S. (2021). Musculoskeletal involvement of COVID-19: review of imaging. Skeletal radiology, 50(9), 1763–1773.
Şahin, T., Ayyildiz, A., Gencer-Atalay, K., Akgün, C., Özdemir, H. M., & Kuran, B. (2021). Pain Symptoms in COVID-19. American journal of physical medicine & rehabilitation, 100(4), 307–312.
Salamanna, F., Veronesi, F., Martini, L., Landini, M. P., & Fini, M. (2021). Post-COVID-19 Syndrome: The Persistent Symptoms at the Post-viral Stage of the Disease. A Systematic Review of the Current Data. Frontiers in medicine, 8, 653516.
Townsend, L., Dyer, A. H., Jones, K., Dunne, J., Mooney, A., Gaffney, F., O'Connor, L., Leavy, D., O'Brien, K., Dowds, J., Sugrue, J. A., Hopkins, D., Martin-Loeches, I., Ni Cheallaigh, C., Nadarajan, P., McLaughlin, A. M., Bourke, N. M., Bergin, C., O'Farrelly, C., Bannan, C., & Conlon, N. (2020). Persistent fatigue following SARS-CoV-2 infection is common and independent of severity of initial infection. PloS one, 15(11), e0240784.
Tuzun, S., Keles, A., Okutan, D., Yildiran, T., & Palamar, D. (2021). Assessment of musculoskeletal pain, fatigue and grip strength in hospitalized patients with COVID-19. European journal of physical and rehabilitation medicine, 57(4), 653–662.
Wiersinga, W. J., Rhodes, A., Cheng, A. C., Peacock, S. J., & Prescott, H. C. (2020). Pathophysiology, Transmission, Diagnosis, and Treatment of Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19): A Review. JAMA, 324(8), 782–793.
Zacharias, H., Dubey, S., Koduri, G., & D'Cruz, D. Rheumatological complications of Covid 19. Autoimmun Rev. 2021;20(9):102883.
Downloads
Published
How to Cite
Issue
Section
License
Copyright (c) 2023 Nickson Breno Maniçoba; Igor Albuquerque Nogueira; Paulo Henrique da Costa Carlos; Raul Sancho de Carvalho Rocha; Micael Porto Portela Lima; Rafael Alves Cordeiro; Jobson Lopes de Oliveira
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.
Authors who publish with this journal agree to the following terms:
1) Authors retain copyright and grant the journal right of first publication with the work simultaneously licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution License that allows others to share the work with an acknowledgement of the work's authorship and initial publication in this journal.
2) Authors are able to enter into separate, additional contractual arrangements for the non-exclusive distribution of the journal's published version of the work (e.g., post it to an institutional repository or publish it in a book), with an acknowledgement of its initial publication in this journal.
3) Authors are permitted and encouraged to post their work online (e.g., in institutional repositories or on their website) prior to and during the submission process, as it can lead to productive exchanges, as well as earlier and greater citation of published work.
