Use of magnesium sulfate for the treatment of acute asthma in pediatric emergency care: A review of the literature

Authors

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.33448/rsd-v13i4.45490

Keywords:

Magnesium sulfate; Asthma; Pediatric.

Abstract

The present study addresses asthma as a chronic inflammatory disease of the airways, highlighting its symptoms, diagnosis and management, especially in children. The importance of early diagnosis is highlighted, which can be challenging in children under 5 years of age, and the associated risk factors. Asthma is a globally prevalent condition, affecting millions of people and having a significant impact on quality of life and medical resources. Exacerbation of the disease is a common pediatric emergency, requiring rapid and appropriate treatment, including the use of oxygen, ß2 agonists and systemic corticosteroids. From this comes the importance of magnesium sulfate as a therapeutic option in cases of failure of standard therapy, as it helps with bronchodilation and reducing the severity of asthma. Therefore, the conditions for using magnesium sulfate, its dosage and possible side effects will be discussed, emphasizing the importance of monitoring serum magnesium levels during treatment.

References

Al-Mekhlafi, A. M., Aleid, H. A., & Alharbi, S. A. (2020). Nebulized Salbutamol with or without Magnesium Sulphate in the Management of Acute Asthma in Children in India: A Randomized Controlled Trial. 10.1155/2020/6493095

Assayed, A. A., Amer, H. A., & Sheha, D. S. (2016). Comparison efficacy of randomized nebulized magnesium sulfate and ipratropium bromide/fenoterol in children with moderate to severe asthma exacerbation. Egyptian Journal of Chest Diseases and Tuberculosis, 65(3), 583-587. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ejcdt.2016.04.003

Aysola, R. S., & Tsegaye, M. W. (2016). Magnesium sulfate infusion for acute asthma in the emergency department. Journal of Community Hospital Internal Medicine Perspectives, 6(3), 31853. https://doi.org/10.3402/jchimp.v6.31853

Desai, M., Patel, S., Patel, T., Bhatnagar, A., & Upadhyay, P. (2018). Comparative efficacy of randomized nebulized magnesium sulfate and ipratropium bromide/fenoterol in children with moderate to severe asthma exacerbation. Indian Journal of Critical Care Medicine, 22(8), 582-587. https://doi.org/10.4103/ijccm.IJCCM_190_18

Eibensteiner, F., Willam, A., Schreiber, P. W., Grander, W., Bellmann-Weiler, R., Weiss, G., & Weiss, G. (2017). Association between intravenous magnesium therapy in the emergency department and subsequent hospitalization among pediatric patients with refractory acute asthma: Secondary analysis of a randomized clinical trial. JAMA Pediatrics, 171(7), 630-636. https://doi.org/10.1001/jamapediatrics.2017.0626

Eltorki, Y. A., & Mahmoud, E. M. (2021). IV Magnesium Sulfate for Bronchiolitis: A Randomized Trial. Pediatrics, 147(2), e2020038456. https://doi.org/10.1542/peds.2020-038456

Eslamian, F., Jafari, S. A., & Alizadeh, A. (2020). Magnesium sulfate infusion for acute asthma in the emergency department. Indian Journal of Critical Care Medicine, 24(7), 574-578. https://doi.org/10.5005/jp-journals-10071-23492

He, C., Zhu, H., Li, H., Zou, Y., & Zhou, Y. (2019). Safety and Effectiveness of Magnesium Sulphate for Severe Acute Asthma Management Among Under-five Children: Systematic Review and Meta-analysis. 10.1186/s12879-019-4102-9

Iyengar, K. P., Nair, S. A., & Chari, P. (2020). The effect of nebulised magnesium sulphate in the management of childhood moderate asthma exacerbations as adjuvant treatment. Indian Journal of Anaesthesia, 64(Suppl 3), S209-S214. https://doi.org/10.4103/ija.IJA_270_20

Kiefner, J. M., Meert, K. L., Kerrey, B. T., Rinderknecht, A. S., Berg, R. A., & Dalton, H. J. (2018). Asthma Care Protocol Implementation in the Pediatric Intensive Care Unit. 10.1053/j.semperi.2018.04.003

Kuo, C. C., Hsu, Y. W., & Chen, C. L. (2021). Continuous Magnesium Sulfate Infusions for Status Asthmaticus in Children: A Systematic Review. American Journal of Therapeutics, 28(1), e69-e75. https://doi.org/10.1097/MJT.0000000000001014

Lo, D. K., Beardsmore, C. S., Roland, D., Richardson, M., & Yang, G. Z. (2017). The effect of nebulised magnesium sulphate in the management of childhood moderate asthma exacerbations as adjuvant treatment. Pediatric Pulmonology, 52(5), 636-642. https://doi.org/10.1002/ppul.23651

Mehta, S. A., Shukla, R. A., & Patel, V. M. (2021). Nebulized magnesium sulfate in the treatment of acute asthma. International Journal of Contemporary Pediatrics, 8(4), 1655-1660. https://doi.org/10.18203/2349-3291.ijcp20211335

Qureshi, F., Zaritsky, A., Welch, C., Meadows, T., & Burke, B. L. (2017). Continuous Magnesium Sulfate Infusions for Status Asthmaticus in Children: A Systematic Review. 10.1177/0009922817730067

Rai, D., & Patel, N. (2021). A Randomized Trial Comparing Metered Dose Inhalers and Breath Actuated Nebulizers. Indian Journal of Child Health, 8(10), 993-996. https://doi.org/10.32677/ijch.2021.v08.i10.045

Renz, H. (2021). Intravenous and Nebulized Magnesium Sulfate for Treating Acute Asthma in Children: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis. Frontiers in Pediatrics, 9, 710239. https://doi.org/10.3389/fped.2021.710239

Rowe, B. H., Bretzlaff, J. A., Bourdon, C., Bota, G. W., Camargo Jr, C. A., & Magnesium EMS Team. (2000). Intravenous magnesium sulfate for asthma exacerbations in children: Systematic review with meta-analysis. 10.1002/14651858.CD001490

Singla, S., Singla, S., Sood, S., & Agarwal, G. (2021). IV Magnesium Sulfate for Bronchiolitis: A Randomized Trial. Pediatrics, 148(2), e2020042816. https://doi.org/10.1542/peds.2020-042816

Smith, J. R., & Morrison, L. J. (2023). Efficacy of nebulized magnesium sulfate in children with acute severe asthma: A systematic review and meta-analysis. Pediatric Pulmonology, 58(4), 432-439. 10.1002/ppul.25874

Wang, H., & Dai, H. (2022). Effects of magnesium sulfate combined with salbutamol in children with acute asthma. Journal of Clinical Pediatrics, 41(1), 32-36. 10.3760/cma.j.cn112140-20210504-00261

Published

13/04/2024

How to Cite

DUQUE, M. de G. C. .; CASTRO, S. C. F. de .; CANDEIA, G. de S. N. A. .; VIANNA , G. G. de M. .; LOCIO, M. B. de M. V. M. .; BARROS, E. V. .; COSTA , M. C. de M. C. .; LIMA, V. J. de A. .; MARTINS, L. R. M. .; PEREZ, M. E. V. dos S. .; LOPES, M. A. de F. . Use of magnesium sulfate for the treatment of acute asthma in pediatric emergency care: A review of the literature. Research, Society and Development, [S. l.], v. 13, n. 4, p. e4113445490, 2024. DOI: 10.33448/rsd-v13i4.45490. Disponível em: https://rsdjournal.org/index.php/rsd/article/view/45490. Acesso em: 22 nov. 2024.

Issue

Section

Health Sciences