Modification of sand fertility parameters during cleaning and purification process
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.33448/rsd-v13i4.45579Keywords:
Substrate; Macronutrient; Micronutrient; Sterilization.Abstract
The use of sand as a substrate in nutritional studies is frequent, but there is no formal protocol for cleaning and purifying this substrate for various agronomic studies, including those related to plant nutrition. The study aimed to evaluate the changes in chemical attributes resulting from the cleaning and purification of common construction sand. The experimental study, of a quantitative nature, was carried out under greenhouse and laboratory conditions. An experiment was carried out whose treatments were levels of hydrochloric acid (HCl) concentration, immersion times in the acid solution, and purification in an autoclave. It was found that sterilization in an autoclave significantly decreased the pH of the sand and increased the phosphorus content. From a day of rest with HCl, the decrease in the pH of the sand was significant. On the other hand, the phosphorus content increased linearly with the immersion time in HCl. The use of HCl completely eliminated the levels of potassium, calcium, magnesium, and copper, and significantly decreased the contents of iron and manganese (above 70%) and zinc (above 80%). To exhaust or significantly decrease the levels of nutrients present in the sand, one should use 3% HCl, without rest, for phosphorus and one day of incubation for potassium, calcium, magnesium, and copper, iron, manganese, and zinc.
References
Anning, A. K., & Akoto, R. (2018). Assisted phytoremediation of heavy metal contaminated soil from a mined site with Typha latifolia and Chrysopogon zizanioides. Ecotoxicology and Environmental Safety, 148, 97–104. 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2017.10.014
Berns, A., Philipp, H., Narres, H. D., Buraeul, P., Vereecken, H., & Tappe, W. (2008). Effect of gamma‐sterilization and autoclaving on soil organic matter structure as studied by solid state NMR, UV and fluorescence spectroscopy. European Journal of Soil Science, 59, 540 - 550. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2389.2008.01016.x
Brady, N. C., & Weil, R. R. (2013). Elementos da natureza e propriedades dos solos (3a ed.). Bookman.
Brandon, A., & Frederick, M. (2005). Autoclaving soil samples affects algal-available phosphorus. Journal of Environmental Quality, 34(6), 1958 – 1963. https://doi.org/10.2134/jeq2005.0024
Cottenie, A. (1980). Soil and plant testing as a basis of fertilizer recommendations. Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations. (FAO Soils Bulletin 38/1).
Curtin, L. P., & Parker, H. C. (1940). U.S. Patent No. 2198527A. U.S. Patent and Trademark Office. https://www.google.com/patents/US2198527#forward-citations
Dardouri, S., & Sghaier, J. (2018). Adsorption characteristics of layered soil as delay barrier of some organic contaminants: experimental and numerical modeling. Environmental Modelling and Software, 110, 95 – 106. 10.1016/j.envsoft.2018.09.003
Earle, T. (1934). U.S. Patent No. 1983272A. U.S. Patent and Trademark Office. https://www.google.com/patents/US1983272
Ferreira, D. F. (2014). Sisvar: a guide for its bootstrap procedures in multiple comparisons. Ciência e Agrotecnologia, 38(2), 109-112. https://tinyurl.com/ycg6dqg2
Ferreira, G. C., & Daitx, E. C. (2003). A mineração de areia industrial na região Sul do Brasil. Revista Escola de Minas, 56(1), 59-65. 10.1590/S0370-44672003000100011
Havlin, J., Beaton, J. D., Tisdale, S. L., & Nelson, W. L. (2005). Soil fertility and fertilizers: an introduction to nutrient management (7a ed.). Pearson Prentice Hall.
Heck, N. C. (2007). Lixiviação. In N. C. Heck, Metalurgia extrativa dos metais não-ferrosos. UFRGS, DEMET.
Hewitt, E. J. (1966). Sand and water culture methods used in the study of plant nutrition (2a ed.). Commonwealth Agricultural Bureau.
Li, H., Liu, L., Li, C., Liu, X., Ziadi, & Shi, Y. (2023). Efficiency of Different Soil Sterilization Approaches and Their Effects on Soil Particle Size Distribution. Journal of Soil Science and Plant Nutrition, 23, 3979–3990. https://doi.org/10.1007/s42729-023-01315-2
Liu, J., Zhao, L., Liu, Q., Li, J., Qiao, Z., Sun, P., & Yang, Y. (2021). A critical review on soil washing during soil remediation for heavy metals and organic pollutants. International Journal of Environmental Science and Technology, 19(4), 601 – 624. 10.1007/s13762-021-03144-1
Maathuis, F. J. M. (Ed.). (2013). Plant Mineral Nutrients: Methods and Protocols. Humana Press.
McCall, A. G. (1916). A method for the renewal of plant nutrients in sand cultures. Ohio Journal of Science, 16(3), 101-103.
Querejeta, G. (2023). Sterilize methods comparison for soils: cost, time, and efficiency. International Journal of Methodology, 2, 34-40. https://doi.org/10.21467/ijm.2.1.6263
Razavi, S., & Lakzian, A. (2007). Evaluation of chemical and biological consequences of soil sterilization methods. Caspian Journal of Environmental Sciences, 5(2), 87 – 91. https://cjes.guilan.ac.ir/article_984_dabde4da74b42d31fb1e2dce24370190.pdf
Sharpley, A. (1999). Phosphorus availability. In M. E. Sumner (Ed.), Handbook of soil science. CRC Press.
Silva, F.C. (2009). Manual de Análises Químicas de Solos, Plantas e Fertilizantes. Embrapa Informação Tecnológica.
Teixeira, P. C., Donagemma, G. K., Fontana, A., & Teixeira, W. G. (Eds.). (2017). Manual de Métodos de Análise de Solo (3a ed.). Embrapa. https://www.embrapa.br/busca-de-publicacoes/-/publicacao/990374/manual-de-metodos-de-analise-de-solo
Yang, X. (2012). An experimental study of H solubility in feldspars: effect of composition, oxygen fugacity, temperature and pressure and implications for crustal processes. Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta, 97, 46-57. 10.1093/petrology/36.5.1137
Yoo, J., Jeon, P., Tsang, D. C. W., Kwon, E. E., & Baek, K. (2018). Ferric-enhanced chemical remediation of dredged marine sediment contaminated by metals and petroleum hydrocarbons. Environmental Pollution, 243, 87 – 93. https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0269749118311114?via%3Dihub
Downloads
Published
How to Cite
Issue
Section
License
Copyright (c) 2024 Oscar Fontão de Lima Filho
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.
Authors who publish with this journal agree to the following terms:
1) Authors retain copyright and grant the journal right of first publication with the work simultaneously licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution License that allows others to share the work with an acknowledgement of the work's authorship and initial publication in this journal.
2) Authors are able to enter into separate, additional contractual arrangements for the non-exclusive distribution of the journal's published version of the work (e.g., post it to an institutional repository or publish it in a book), with an acknowledgement of its initial publication in this journal.
3) Authors are permitted and encouraged to post their work online (e.g., in institutional repositories or on their website) prior to and during the submission process, as it can lead to productive exchanges, as well as earlier and greater citation of published work.
