El déficit hídrico altera el crecimiento, el metabolismo oxidativo y la biosíntesis de fenilpropanoides en Ocimum basilicum L.

Autores/as

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.33448/rsd-v9i11.10590

Palabras clave:

Planta aromática; Estrés abiótico; Aceite esencial; Metabolitos secundarios.

Resumen

Los cambios fisiológicos y bioquímicos ocurren cuando las plantas están sujetas a estrés hídrico. Por tanto, el objetivo de este trabajo fue evaluar el crecimiento, la respuesta antioxidante, el rendimiento y la composición del aceite esencial (OE) de albahaca (Ocimum basilicum L.) sometido a déficit hídrico. El experimento se llevó a cabo en un invernadero bajo tres regímenes de agua: 100-90% (control), 70-60% (estrés moderado), 40-30% (estrés severo) de la capacidad de campo durante 50 días. Las plantas sometidas a estrés hídrico severo mostraron reducciones significativas en peso fresco y altura. El contenido relativo de agua en las hojas disminuyó al aumentar la severidad del estrés. Se observó un aumento de la actividad enzimática: superóxido dismutasa (SOD), ascorbato peroxidasa (APX) y catalasa (CAT) en plantas sometidas a déficit hídrico. Las plantas sometidas a estrés moderado y seroideo presentaron mayor rendimiento de OE, además de cambiar su composición química. Se identificaron un total de 54 compuestos en el OE de las hojas de albahaca. Los fenilpropanoides aumentan con el déficit hídrico y pueden constituir un sistema antioxidante secundario, que puede ayudar al sistema de defensa antioxidante primario, para mantener los niveles de peróxido de hidrógeno en las células en concentraciones subletales para las plantas de albahaca.

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Publicado

02/12/2020

Cómo citar

NOVELLO, P. F. A. M. .; BONACINA , C.; STRACIERI, J.; CAMPOS , C. F. de A. A. .; GONÇALVES , J. E. .; GAZIM , Z. C. .; SOUZA, S. G. H. de . El déficit hídrico altera el crecimiento, el metabolismo oxidativo y la biosíntesis de fenilpropanoides en Ocimum basilicum L. Research, Society and Development, [S. l.], v. 9, n. 11, p. e74591110590, 2020. DOI: 10.33448/rsd-v9i11.10590. Disponível em: https://rsdjournal.org/index.php/rsd/article/view/10590. Acesso em: 26 nov. 2024.

Número

Sección

Ciencias Agrarias y Biológicas