Influência da suscetibilidade genética na incidência e mortalidade de COVID-19 (SARS-CoV-2)
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.33448/rsd-v10i1.11812Palavras-chave:
Suscetibilidade genética; COVID-19; Síndrome respiratória aguda grave coronavírus 2 (Sars-cov-2).Resumo
Este estudo teve como objetivo realizar uma revisão bibliográfica sobre a influência da suscetibilidade genética na incidência e mortalidade de COVID-19. Trata-se de uma revisão descritiva da literatura realizada nas bases de dados PUBMED e Science direct utilizando os seguintes descritores: genetic susceptibility” AND “COVID-19”. Os critérios de inclusão foram artigos científicos disponíveis gratuitamente, nos idiomas inglês, espanhol e português e que foram publicados em 2020. Foram excluídos os artigos duplicados entre as bases. Ao final 58 estudos seguiam os critérios estabelecidos. Os genes ACE2 e TMPRSS2, têm potencial para intervenção profilática e terapêutica nos estágios iniciais de infecção por SARS-CoV-2, desempenhando um papel crucial para a entrada do vírus nas células hospedeiras. Além disso, o lócus do Antígeno Leucocitário Humano (HLA), parece ser crucial para influenciar a suscetibilidade e a gravidade do COVID-19. Indivíduos do sexo masculino apresentam uma maior taxa de mortalidade e de gravidade para a COVID-19, sendo relacionado a uma expressão mais significativa de ACE2 e diferenças na regulação epigenética de ACE2. A suscetibilidade genética pode contribuir para a variabilidade clínica interindividual associada ao COVID-19, permitindo uma avaliação de risco baseada em evidências levando a medidas preventivas personalizadas e opções terapêuticas.
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