Impactos globales de la infección por COVID-19 en pacientes con enfermedad de Parkinson: una revisión integrativa
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.33448/rsd-v10i1.12043Palabras clave:
Pandemias; Infecciones por Coronavirus; Enfermedad de Parkinson.Resumen
La pandemia del Coronavirus 2019-nCoV (COVID-19) es objeto de investigaciones para comprender sus repercusiones en pacientes con enfermedades neurológicas, como la enfermedad de Parkinson. Este artículo tiene como objetivo discutir la evidencia en la literatura científica sobre los riesgos y complicaciones de la pandemia de COVID-19 para los pacientes de Parkinson. Se realizaron búsquedas de artículos en inglés, portugués o español utilizando las bases de datos PubMed, PubMed, Lilacs, ScienceDirect y SciElo, utilizando los descriptores asociados: “Coronavirus Infections” OR “COVID-19”AND “Parkinson Disease” sobre años 2019 y 2020. Se encontraron 268 resultados que, después de aplicar los criterios de inclusión y exclusión, se redujeron a 23 artículos. El análisis indica que la pandemia contribuye al estrés psicológico y está relacionado con la peora de los síntomas no motores y motores. Los síntomas se agravan por las dificultades para acceder a servicios de salud, medicinas y el mantenimiento de los tratamientos especializados. En pacientes infectados por COVID-19, esto puede conducir a una desregulación inmunológica, muerte neuronal y cambios en el metabolismo dopaminérgico, además de una activación inflamatoria que podría empeorar la sinucleinopatía. La enfermedad de Parkinson no representa un mayor riesgo de infección, sin embargo la edad de los pacientes y sus comorbilidades son factores que aumentan las probabilidades de hospitalización y muerte después de contraerse COVID-19. En esta perspectiva, estrategias protectoras como el ejercicio físico, la fisioterapia, la dinámica psicosocial y las herramientas de telemedicina son fundamentales y deben adaptarse para promover la atención sanitária en tiempos de aislamiento.
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Derechos de autor 2021 Karina Maia Paiva; Rodrigo Freire Oliveira; Gabriel Sousa da Rocha; Paulo Leonardo Araújo de Góis Morais; Dayane Pessoa de Araújo; Lucídio Clebeson de Oliveira; Fausto Pierdoná Guzen; José Rodolfo Lopes de Paiva Cavalcanti
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