Efectos agudos del entrenamiento en intervalos de alta intensidad y el entrenamiento continuo de intensidad moderada sobre las medidas lineales y no lineales de la variabilidad de la frecuencia cardíaca en la hipertensión arterial

Autores/as

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.33448/rsd-v10i7.12106

Palabras clave:

Hipertensión; Frecuencia cardíaca; Ejercicio físico; Entrenamiento de intervalos de alta intensidad.

Resumen

Introducción: La hipertensión arterial sistémica es una enfermedad crónica a nivel mundial. El entrenamiento en intervalos de alta intensidad (HIIT) se ha descrito como un tratamiento alternativo eficaz. Objetivo: Evaluar los efectos agudos de una sesión de HIIT versus un entrenamiento continuo de intensidad moderada (MICT) sobre las medidas lineales y no lineales de la variabilidad de la frecuencia cardíaca (VFC) en pacientes con hipertensión. Métodos: Estudio transversal preliminar con 11 pacientes hipertensos no ancianos (35 a 59 años) de ambos sexos que usaban farmacoterapia. Fueron asignados para evaluación cardiológica, prueba ergométrica, ecocardiografía y prueba de esfuerzo cardiopulmonar. Los pacientes realizaron ejercicio de ciclismo en las condiciones HIIT (10 series de 1min al 85% de la potencia máxima [Pmax] intercaladas con 2min al 50% de la Pmax) y MICT (30min al 50% de la Pmax). Los intervalos R-R (RRi) de la VFC se registraron en posición supina durante 10 minutos antes y después de los ejercicios. Resultados: HIIT y MICT presentaron reducción significativa (P<0.01) para el RRi entre pre y post-sesión. Todos los demás índices lineales presentaron resultados similares (P>0.05) entre momentos. Solo en el grupo HIIT se identificaron diferencias significativas (P<0.05) en el análisis simbólico de la VFC para los índices 0V, 2LV y 2ULV. 0V aumentó 2,3 veces desde el principio hasta el final de la sesión, mientras que 2LV y 2ULV disminuyeron en un 50% y 35%, respectivamente. Conclusión: Se identificó un aumento en la modulación simpática con una reducción significativa en la modulación vagal evaluada por medidas no lineales de VFC en pacientes con hipertensión sometidos a una sesión de HIIT.

Citas

Abreu, R. M., Rehder-Santos, P., Simões, R. P., Catai, A. M. (2019). Can high-intensity interval training change cardiac autonomic control? A systematic review. Brazilian Journal of Physical Therapy, 23(4), 279–289. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.bjpt.2018.09.010

Andrade, D. C., Arce-Alvarez, A., Parada, F., Uribe, S., Gordillo, P., Dupre, A., Ojeda, C., Palumbo, F., Castro, G., Vasquez-Muñoz, M., Del Rio, R., Ramirez-Campillo, R., Izquierdo, M. (2020). Acute effects of high-intensity interval training session and endurance exercise on pulmonary function and cardiorespiratory coupling. Physiological Reports, 8(15), e14455. https://doi.org/10.14814/phy2.14455

Barroso, M. L., Moura, A. M. W. A., & Pinto, N. V. (2020). Correlação entre obesidade geral e abdominal em mulheres ativas diabéticas e/ou hipertensas. Research, Society and Development, 9(7), e179973679. https://doi.org/10.33448/rsd-v9i7.3679

Belmonte, L. A. O., Martins, T. C., Salm, D. C., Emer, A. A., de Oliveira, B. H., Mathias, K., Goldim, M. P., Horewicz, V. V., Piovezan, A. P., Bobinski, F., Petronilho, F., & Martins, D. F. (2018). Effects of different parameters of continuous training and high-intensity interval training in the chronic phase of a mouse model of complex regional pain syndrome type I. Journal of Pain, 19(12), 1445–1460. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jpain.2018.06.008

Bester, M., Moors, S., Joshi, R., Nichting, T. J., van der Hout-van der Jagt, M. B., Oei, S. G., Mischi, M., Vullings, R., & van Laar, J. O. E. H. (2021). Changes in maternal heart rate variability in response to the administration of routine obstetric medication in hospitalized patients: study protocol for a cohort study (MAMA-Heart Study). Clinical Practice, 11(1), 13–25. https://doi.org/10.3390/clinpract11010004

Bourne, J. E., Little, J. P., Beauchamp, M. R., Barry, J., Singer, J., & Jung, M. E. (2019). Brief exercise counseling and high-intensity interval training on physical activity adherence and cardiometabolic health in individuals at risk of type 2 diabetes: protocol for a randomized controlled trial. JMIR Research Protocols, 8(3), e11226. https://doi.org/10.2196/11226

Boutcher, S. H., Cotton, Y., Nurhayati, Y., Craig, G. A., & McLaren, P. F. (1997). Autonomic nervous function at rest in aerobically trained and untrained older men. Clinical Physiology (Oxford, England), 17(4), 339–346. https://doi.org/10.1046/j.1365-2281.1997.03838.x

Brechbuhl, C., Brocherie, F., Willis, S. J., Blokker, T., Montalvan, B., Girard, O., Millet, G. P., & Schmitt, L. (2020). On the use of the repeated-sprint training in hypoxia in tennis. Frontiers in Physiology, 11, 588821. https://doi.org/10.3389/fphys.2020.588821

Catai, A. M., Pastre, C. M., Godoy, M. F. de, Silva, E. da, Takahashi, A. C. de M., & Vanderlei, L. C. M. (2020). Heart rate variability: are you using it properly? Standardization checklist of procedures. Brazilian Journal of Physical Therapy, 24(2), 91–102. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.bjpt.2019.02.006

Campbell, W. W., Kraus W. E., Powell, K. E., Haskell, W. L., Janz, K. F., Jakicic, J. M., Troiano, R. P., Sprow, K., Torres, A., Piercy, K. L., Bartlett, D. B., & 2018 PHYSICAL ACTIVITY GUIDELINES ADVISORY COMMITTEE (2019). High-intensity interval training for cardiometabolic disease prevention. Medicine and Science in Sports and Exercise, 51(6), 1220–1226. https://doi.org/10.1249/MSS.0000000000001934.

Costa, G. D. da, Deus, R. M. L. de, & Alves, W. dos S. (2020). Estudo epidemiológico da prevalência simultânea de hipertensão e diabetes de pacientes cadastrados no Hiperdia em uma cidade do estado do Piauí. Research, Society and Development, 9(2), e192922163. https://doi.org/10.33448/rsd-v9i2.2163

Cuddy, T. F., Ramos, J. S., & Dalleck, L. C. (2019). Reduced exertion high-intensity interval training is more effective at improving cardiorespiratory fitness and cardiometabolic health than traditional moderate-intensity continuous training. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, 16(3), 483. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph16030483

Dantas, E. M., Gonçalves, C. P., Silva, A. B. T., Rodrigues, S. L., Ramos, M. S., Andreão, R. V., Pimentel, E. B., Lunz, W., & Mill, J. G. (2010). Reproducibility of heart rate variability parameters measured in healthy subjects at rest and after a postural change maneuver. Brazilian Journal of Medical and Biological Research, 43(10), 982–988. https://doi.org/10.1590/S0100-879X2010007500101

De Nardi, A. T., Tolves, T., Lenzi, T. L., Signori, L. U., & Silva, A. M. V. da. (2018). High-intensity interval training versus continuous training on physiological and metabolic variables in prediabetes and type 2 diabetes: a meta-analysis. Diabetes Research and Clinical Practice, 137, 149–159. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.diabres.2017.12.017

Ferreira, L. F., Rodrigues, G. D., & Soares, P. P. da S. (2017). Quantity of aerobic exercise training for the improvement of heart rate variability in older adults. International Journal of Cardiovascular Sciences, 30(2), 157–162. https://doi.org/10.5935/2359-4802.20170003

Task Force of the European Society of Cardiology and the North American Society of Pacing and Electrophysiology. (1996). Heart rate variability: standards of measurement, physiological interpretation and clinical use. Task Force of the European Society of Cardiology and the North American Society of Pacing and Electrophysiology. Circulation, 93(5), 1043–1065. https://doi.org/10.1161/01.CIR.93.5.1043

Francica, J. V., Bigongiari, A., Mochizuki, L., Scapini, K. B., Moraes, O. A., Mostarda, C., Caperuto, E. C., Irigoyen, M. C., De Angelis, K., & Rodrigues, B. (2015). Cardiac autonomic dysfunction in chronic stroke women is attenuated after submaximal exercise test, as evaluated by linear and nonlinear analysis. BMC Cardiovascular Disorders, 15, 105. https://doi.org/10.1186/s12872-015-0099-9

Guzzetti, S., Borroni, E., Garbelli, P. E., Ceriani, E., Della Bella, P., Montano, N., Cogliati, C., Somers, V. K., Malliani, A., & Porta, A. (2005). Symbolic dynamics of heart rate variability: a probe to investigate cardiac autonomic modulation. Circulation, 112(4), 465–470. https://doi.org/10.1161/CIRCULATIONAHA.104.518449

Gambassi, B. B., Rodrigues, B., Feriani, D. J., de Jesus Furtado Almeida, F., Sauaia, B. A., Schwingel, P. A., de Moraes, O. A., Pulcherio, J. O. B., Andrade, M. F. B., & Mostarda, C. T. (2016). Effects of resistance training of moderate-intensity on heart rate variability, body composition, and muscle strength in healthy elderly women. Sport Sciences for Health, 12(3), 389–395. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11332-016-0303-z

Hannan, A. L., Hing, W., Simas, V., Climstein, M., Coombes, J. S., Jayasinghe, R., Byrnes, J., & Furness, J. (2018). High-intensity interval training versus moderate-intensity continuous training within cardiac rehabilitation: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Open Access Journal of Sports Medicine, 9, 1–17. https://doi.org/10.2147/OAJSM.S150596

Herdy, A. H., & Caixeta, A. (2016). Brazilian cardiorespiratory fitness classification based on maximum oxygen consumption. Arquivos Brasileiros de Cardiologia, 106(5), 389-395. https://doi.org/10.5935/abc.20160070

Malliani, A., Pagani, M., Lombardi, F., & Cerutti, S. (1991). Cardiovascular neural regulation explored in the frequency domain. Circulation, 84(2), 482–492. https://doi.org/10.1161/01.cir.84.2.482

Marocolo, M., Katayama, P. L., Meireles, A., & Barbosa Neto, O. (2019). Combined effects of exercise training and high doses of anabolic steroids on cardiac autonomic modulation and ventricular repolarization properties in rats. Canadian Journal of Physiology and Pharmacology, 97(12), 1185–1192. https://doi.org/10.1139/cjpp-2019-0286

Mezzani, A., Hamm, L. F., Jones, A. M., McBride, P. E., Moholdt, T., Stone, J. A., Urhausen, A., & Williams, M. A. (2013). Aerobic exercise intensity assessment and prescription in cardiac rehabilitation: a joint position statement of the European Association for Cardiovascular Prevention and Rehabilitation, the American Association of Cardiovascular and Pulmonary Rehabilitation and the Canadian Association of Cardiac Rehabilitation. European Journal of Preventive Cardiology, 20(3), 442–467. https://doi.org/10.1177/2047487312460484

Michael, S., Jay, O., Halaki, M., Graham, K., & Davis, G. M. Submaximal exercise intensity modulates acute post-exercise heart rate variability. (2016). European Journal Applied Physiology, 116(4), 697–706. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00421-016-3327-9

Naranjo-Orellana, J., Ruso-Álvarez, J. F., & Rojo-Álvarez, J. L. (2021). Comparison of Omegawave device and an ambulatory ECG for RR interval measurement at rest. International Journal of Sports Medicine, 42(2), 138–146. https://doi.org/10.1055/a-1294-4928

Neves, V. R., Takahashi, A. C., do Santos-Hiss, M. D., Kiviniemi, A. M., Tulppo, M. P., de Moura, S. C., Karsten, M., Borghi-Silva, A., Porta, A., Montano, N., & Catai, A. M, (2012). Linear and nonlinear analysis of heart rate variability in coronary disease. Clinical Autonomic Research, 22(4), 175–83. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10286-012-0160-z

Oliveira, T. A. de, Medeiros, R. C. de, & Melo, S. W. M. (2020). Os efeitos do treinamento intervalado de alta intensidade (HIIT) nos processos deletérios do envelhecimento: uma revisão sistemática. Brazilian Journal of Development, 6(8), 55493–55503. https://doi.org/10.34117/bjdv6n8-103

Pagani, M., Somers, V., Furlan, R., Dell’Orto, S., Conway, J., Baselli, G., Cerutti, S., Sleight, P., & Malliani, A. (1988). Changes in autonomic regulation induced by physical training in mild hypertension. Hypertension, 12(6), 600–610. https://doi.org/10.1161/01.hyp.12.6.600

Paula, C. C. de, Machado, S., Costa, G. D. C. T., Sales, M. M., Miranda, T. G., Barsanulfo, S. R., Murillo-Rodriguez, E., Budde, H., & Sá Filho, A. S. (2020). High intensity interval training (HIIT) as a viable alternative to induce the prevention of respiratory diseases: a point of view of exercise immunology during COVID-19 outbreak. Research, Society and Development, 9(10), e7069109186. https://doi.org/10.33448/rsd-v9i10.9186

Polegato, B. F., & Paiva, S. A. R. de. (2018). Hypertension and exercise: a search for mechanisms. Arquivos Brasileiros de Cardiologia, 111(2), 180-181. https://doi.org/10.5935/abc.20180146

Queiroz, M. G., Aquino, M. L. A. de, Brito, A. D. L., Medeiros, C. C. M., Simões, M. O. da S., Teixeira, A., & Carvalho, D. F. de. (2020). Hipertensão arterial no idoso - doença prevalente nesta população: uma revisão integrativa. Brazilian Journal of Development, 6(4), 22590–22598. https://doi.org/10.34117/bjdv6n4-428

Santana, L. C. B., Soares, T. da C., Wenzel, A. P. B. H., Blanche, B. R., Benevides, L. K. B., Soares, T. da C., Câmara, G. B., Silva, D. F., & Souza, E. C. de. (2020). Promoção à saúde de hipertensos e diabéticos a partir da problematização do território. Research, Society and Development, 9(1), e14911492. https://doi.org/10.33448/rsd-v9i1.1492

Santos, E. C. L. dos, & Ribeiro, D. S. S. (2021). Efeitos do HIIT no perfil metabólico de idosos com Diabetes Mellitus tipo 2. Research, Society and Development, 10(2), e40910212656. https://doi.org/10.33448/rsd-v10i2.12656

Santos, L. H. R. dos, Lourenção, L. G., Sasaki, N. S. G. M. dos S., Favaro, D. T. L., Alves, M. M., Vendramini, S. H. H. F., & Santos, M. de L. S. G. (2020). Grupo educativo e qualidade de vida de idosos hipertensos e diabéticos. Research, Society and Development, 9(1), e178911893. https://doi.org/10.33448/rsd-v9i1.1893

Schroeder, R., & Voss, A. (2017). Age and gender dependency of complexity measures of short-term heart rate time series. In: R. Barbieri, E. Scilingo, & G. Valenza. (Eds.), Complexity and nonlinearity in cardiovascular signals (pp. 469–502). Cham: Springer International Publishing. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-58709-7_18

Souza, L. M. V., Costa, R. de A., Santos, J. D. M. dos, Santos, J. L. dos, Costa, L. S., Oliveira, J. U. de, Silva, R. J. dos S., & Estevam, C. dos S. (2020). Treinamento intervalado de alta intensidade e estresse oxidativo: uma breve apresentação. Research, Society and Development, 9(8), e741986478. https://doi.org/10.33448/rsd-v9i8.6478

Takahashi, A. C., Porta, A., Melo, R. C., Quitério, R. J., da Silva, E., Borghi-Silva, A., Tobaldini, E., Montano, N., & Catai, A. M. (2012). Aging reduces complexity of heart rate variability assessed by conditional entropy and symbolic analysis. Internal and Emergency Medicine, 7(3), 229–35. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11739-011-0512-z

Tiwari, R., Kumar, R., Malik, S., Raj, T., & Kumar, P. (2020). Analysis of heart rate variability and implication of different factors on heart rate variability. Current Cardiology Reviews. https://doi.org/10.2174/1573403X16999201231203854

Vanderlei, L. C. M., Pastre, C. M., Hoshi, R. A., Carvalho, T. D. de, & Godoy, M. F. de. (2009). Noções básicas de variabilidade da frequência cardíaca e sua aplicabilidade clínica. Brazilian Journal of Cardiovascular Surgery, 24(2), 205–217. https://doi.org/10.1590/S0102-76382009000200018

Vital, T. G., Silva, I. de O., & Paz, F. A. do N. (2020). Hipertensão arterial e os fatores de risco relacionados ao trabalho: uma revisão de literatura. Research, Society and Development, 9(7), e905975085. https://doi.org/10.33448/rsd-v9i7.5085

Wewege, M. A., Ahn, D., Yu, J., Liou, K., & Keech, A. (2018). High-intensity interval training for patients with cardiovascular disease-is it safe? A systematic review. Journal of the American Heart Association, 7(21), e009305. https://doi.org/10.1161/JAHA.118.009305

Zwack, C. C., McDonald, R., Tursunalieva, A., Cooray, A., Lambert, G. W., & Lambert, E. (2021). Does autonomic nervous system dysfunction influence cardiovascular disease risk in young adults with intellectual disability? American Journal of Physiology - Heart and Circulatory Physiology, 320(2), H891–H900. https://doi.org/10.1152/ajpheart.00807.2020

Descargas

Publicado

29/06/2021

Cómo citar

MESQUITA, F. O. de S.; SILVA, P. B. P. da; SILVA NETO, H. R. da .; MOREIRA, S. R.; SOBRAL FILHO, D. C.; CATAI, A. M.; NEVES, V. R.; SCHWINGEL, P. A. Efectos agudos del entrenamiento en intervalos de alta intensidad y el entrenamiento continuo de intensidad moderada sobre las medidas lineales y no lineales de la variabilidad de la frecuencia cardíaca en la hipertensión arterial. Research, Society and Development, [S. l.], v. 10, n. 7, p. e47110712106, 2021. DOI: 10.33448/rsd-v10i7.12106. Disponível em: https://rsdjournal.org/index.php/rsd/article/view/12106. Acesso em: 23 nov. 2024.

Número

Sección

Ciencias de la salud