Efectos agudos del entrenamiento en intervalos de alta intensidad y el entrenamiento continuo de intensidad moderada sobre las medidas lineales y no lineales de la variabilidad de la frecuencia cardíaca en la hipertensión arterial

Autores/as

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.33448/rsd-v10i7.12106

Palabras clave:

Hipertensión; Frecuencia cardíaca; Ejercicio físico; Entrenamiento de intervalos de alta intensidad.

Resumen

Introducción: La hipertensión arterial sistémica es una enfermedad crónica a nivel mundial. El entrenamiento en intervalos de alta intensidad (HIIT) se ha descrito como un tratamiento alternativo eficaz. Objetivo: Evaluar los efectos agudos de una sesión de HIIT versus un entrenamiento continuo de intensidad moderada (MICT) sobre las medidas lineales y no lineales de la variabilidad de la frecuencia cardíaca (VFC) en pacientes con hipertensión. Métodos: Estudio transversal preliminar con 11 pacientes hipertensos no ancianos (35 a 59 años) de ambos sexos que usaban farmacoterapia. Fueron asignados para evaluación cardiológica, prueba ergométrica, ecocardiografía y prueba de esfuerzo cardiopulmonar. Los pacientes realizaron ejercicio de ciclismo en las condiciones HIIT (10 series de 1min al 85% de la potencia máxima [Pmax] intercaladas con 2min al 50% de la Pmax) y MICT (30min al 50% de la Pmax). Los intervalos R-R (RRi) de la VFC se registraron en posición supina durante 10 minutos antes y después de los ejercicios. Resultados: HIIT y MICT presentaron reducción significativa (P<0.01) para el RRi entre pre y post-sesión. Todos los demás índices lineales presentaron resultados similares (P>0.05) entre momentos. Solo en el grupo HIIT se identificaron diferencias significativas (P<0.05) en el análisis simbólico de la VFC para los índices 0V, 2LV y 2ULV. 0V aumentó 2,3 veces desde el principio hasta el final de la sesión, mientras que 2LV y 2ULV disminuyeron en un 50% y 35%, respectivamente. Conclusión: Se identificó un aumento en la modulación simpática con una reducción significativa en la modulación vagal evaluada por medidas no lineales de VFC en pacientes con hipertensión sometidos a una sesión de HIIT.

Citas

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29/06/2021

Cómo citar

MESQUITA, F. O. de S.; SILVA, P. B. P. da; SILVA NETO, H. R. da .; MOREIRA, S. R.; SOBRAL FILHO, D. C.; CATAI, A. M.; NEVES, V. R.; SCHWINGEL, P. A. Efectos agudos del entrenamiento en intervalos de alta intensidad y el entrenamiento continuo de intensidad moderada sobre las medidas lineales y no lineales de la variabilidad de la frecuencia cardíaca en la hipertensión arterial. Research, Society and Development, [S. l.], v. 10, n. 7, p. e47110712106, 2021. DOI: 10.33448/rsd-v10i7.12106. Disponível em: https://rsdjournal.org/index.php/rsd/article/view/12106. Acesso em: 30 jun. 2024.

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Ciencias de la salud