El estrés de género de las minorías y sus efectos en la salud mental como factor de riesgo de depresión en personas transgénero: Revisión de la literatura

Autores/as

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.33448/rsd-v10i3.13693

Palabras clave:

minorías sexuales y de género; Personas transgénero; Salud mental; Estigma social.

Resumen

Las personas transgénero experimentan disparidades en la salud mental en comparación con la población general, los estudios afirman que este comportamiento puede afectar el bienestar de esta población. Sin embargo, se sabe poco sobre cómo se experimenta el estigma multinivel a lo largo de la vida y que puede ser especialmente vulnerable a sus efectos acumulativos. Objetivo: destacar los efectos del estrés minoritario en la vida de la población transgénero. Método: Esta es una revisión integradora de la literatura que siguió la estrategia PICO para identificar los factores asociados con el estrés de las minorías de género. La búsqueda de los artículos se realizó en tres bases de datos electrónicas: Medline, Lilacs y Scielo. Se utilizaron los descriptores "Minorías Sexuales y de Género", "Personas Trans", "Estigma Social", "Salud Mental", con textos completos, publicados en el período de 2011 a 2021, en inglés, portugués y español Operador booleano AND. Resultado: Se encontraron 157 artículos. Se seleccionaron 35 artículos para ser leídos en su totalidad y 15 cumplieron con los criterios de esta revisión. La evidencia muestra que la población transgénero tiene un mayor riesgo de trastornos mentales, incluida la ansiedad, en comparación con los heterosexuales. La aparición de signos y síntomas de ansiedad están relacionados con la vergüenza y evitación de esta población debido a la fuerte discriminación y la falta de apoyo social y familiar, lo que provoca altos niveles de angustia.

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Publicado

24/03/2021

Cómo citar

SILVA, R. R. da; SILVA, L. A. da .; SOUZA, M. V. L. de .; SILVA, M. V. G. da .; NEVES, M. P. das .; VARGAS, D. de; HIPOLITO, R. L. .; SOUZA, D. A. C.; DUTRA, V. de C. de A.; OLIVEIRA, E. S. de; LIPARI, C. da C.; GARCIA, W.; CORTES, T.; MATTOS, C. M. . El estrés de género de las minorías y sus efectos en la salud mental como factor de riesgo de depresión en personas transgénero: Revisión de la literatura. Research, Society and Development, [S. l.], v. 10, n. 3, p. e51610313693, 2021. DOI: 10.33448/rsd-v10i3.13693. Disponível em: https://rsdjournal.org/index.php/rsd/article/view/13693. Acesso em: 22 nov. 2024.

Número

Sección

Ciencias de la salud