El subsea procesamiento como herramienta para la reducción de costos de proyectos en aguas profundas
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.33448/rsd-v9i1.1493Palabras clave:
Subsea separation; Investment decision; OPEX; CAPEX; Pre-salt fields.Resumen
Para que la producción y los beneficios de las compañías petroleras no disminuyan, es necesario descubrir y explotar un nuevo campo petrolero. Muchos de estos nuevos descubrimientos son campos de aguas profundas en alta mar. Sin embargo, la caída de los precios del petróleo en los últimos años ha hecho que este tipo de exploración, que ya es un desafío en sí mismo, sea aún más difícil, por lo que las empresas posponen o incluso cancelan varios proyectos de aguas profundas. La innovación, las nuevas tecnologías y los nuevos conceptos de producción y procesamiento de petróleo y gas son necesarios para hacer factibles los proyectos de aguas profundas y aumentar su competitividad. El objetivo de este documento fue analizar el procesamiento submarino de la producción de petróleo como una estrategia para reducir los costos de capital y operativos para permitir la exploración remota en alta mar. Además, también se realizó una discusión sobre los beneficios y desafíos de esta estrategia. También incluye un estudio de caso en el campo de Lula, en pre-sal brasileña. Los resultados demuestran que el uso de la separación submarina tiene un gran potencial para reducir OPEX y CAPEX en proyectos offshore. El estudio de caso actual demuestra una reducción de costos debido a la inversión en los separadores de alrededor de US $ 6,1 mil millones, una reducción de aproximadamente 6 a 12 veces en la potencia necesaria para elevar la producción y una reducción de aproximadamente 5 a 7 veces en los gastos con gas natural como combustible para los escenarios evaluados.
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