Baixa prevalência de infecções por Clostridioides difficile em Hospitais de Referência em Oncologia

Catarina Tenório; Paulo Sérgio Ramos de  Araújo; Ana Kelly  Lins; Carlos Roberto Weber  Sobrinho; Vera  Magalhães

doi:10.33448/rsd-v10i6.15612

Autores/as

Catarina Tenório Universidade Federal de Pernambuco https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1119-0116
Paulo Sérgio Ramos de Araújo Universidade Federal de Pernambuco https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7839-0737
Ana Kelly Lins Laboratório Marcelo Magalhães, Pernambuco https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1866-9664
Carlos Roberto Weber Sobrinho Universidade Federal de Pernambuco https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2188-6061
Vera Magalhães Universidade Federal de Pernambuco https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3495-0234

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.33448/rsd-v10i6.15612

Palabras clave:

Infección por Clostridioides difficile; Cáncer; Antibióticos; Quimioterápicos; qRT-PCR.

Resumen

Las infecciones por Clostridioides difficile (CDI) han aumentado en gravedad e incidencia durante la última década. El cáncer predispone a los pacientes a la CDI, debido a una mayor exposición a factores de riesgo. El presente estudio tuvo como objetivo determinar la prevalencia, respuesta clínica, resultado, describir los factores de riesgo establecidos en la literatura en pacientes oncológicos con CDI. El estudio se llevó a cabo en dos servicios de referencia oncológica de Recife/PE e involucró a personas ≥18 años, que presentaron diarrea a las 48 horas del ingreso hospitalario, de noviembre/2017 a agosto/2019. Para el diagnóstico de CDI se utilizó el examen de Reacción en Cadena de Polimerasa en Tiempo Real (qRT-PCR). Se incluyeron un total de 156 pacientes, la CDI se identificó en el 7,05% (11/156) de los pacientes estudiados, todos los aislamientos se rastrearon y amplificaron mediante qRT-PCR para detectar la presencia de los genes que codifican las toxinas A y B (tcdA y tcdB), toxina binaria (cdtA) y triosa fosfato isomerasa (tpi). El cáncer de mama el 27,3% (3/11) y la leucemia linfoide aguda el 18,2% (2/11) fueron los cánceres más frecuentes; el 90,9% (10/11) utilizaba antibióticos y el 63,6% (7/11) de los casos fallecieron. A pesar de utilizar la técnica qRT-PCR, que es la más sensible y específica, la prevalencia de CDI fue baja 7,05% (11/156), no se registraron casos de CDI grave, siendo la mayoría de casos leves, lo que sugiere una circulación de cepas de baja virulencia que determinan una menor morbilidad y mortalidad.

Citas

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Baja prevalencia de infecciones por Clostridioides difficile en Hospitales de Referencia Oncológica

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