Respuestas hematológicas tiempo-dependientes en tilapia del Nilo Oreochromis niloticus expuestas a agua estuarina contaminada
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.33448/rsd-v10i6.15715Palabras clave:
Biomarcadores; Sangre; Monitoreo ambiental; Pescado; Índices hematimétricos.Resumen
El presente trabajo tuvo como objetivo evaluar las respuestas hematológicas de Oreochromis niloticus expuestos experimentalmente a agua contaminada del estuario Santos-São Vicente, evaluando el uso de eritrocitos y cambios leucocitarios como biomarcadores ambientales y, siguiendo la hipótesis de que el tiempo de exposición al agua del estuario promueve efectos deletéreos sobre los parámetros hematológicos. Se colectó agua de estuario en el lago da Pompeba. Para el ensayo biológico, se seleccionaron aleatoriamente 28 juveniles de O. niloticus de ambos sexos de piscifactorías comerciales. Los juveniles se mantuvieron en agua de estuario durante 72 y 120 horas y, después de la exposición, se extrajo sangre mediante punción de la vena caudal para determinar eritrocitos totales, concentración de hemoglobina, hematocrito, índices hematimétricos y leucocitos totales, siendo que linfocitos, neutrófilos, monocitos, eosinófilos y basófilos se cuantificaron mediante frotis sanguíneo. Para evaluar la exposición a lo largo del tiempo en variables hematológicas, realizamos un análisis de varianza múltiple de dos factores. La exposición durante 72 horas resultó en inmunosupresión, lo que se refleja en el recuento reducido de neutrófilos, monocitos y linfocitos en el torrente sanguíneo, mientras que después de 120 horas el sistema inmunológico se estimuló con el aumento de todos los tipos de células leucocitarias. La exposición al agua de estuario produjo cambios significativos en el recuento de leucocitos de O. niloticus, lo que demuestra que los cambios en los glóbulos blancos pueden ser biomarcadores más sensibles que los parámetros de la serie roja.
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Derechos de autor 2021 Aline Raquel Gomes Guerra; Ursulla Pereira Souza; Rafael Mendonça Duarte; Fábio Cop Ferreira; José Reinaldo Oliveira Conceição; Olivia Menossi
Esta obra está bajo una licencia internacional Creative Commons Atribución 4.0.
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