La importancia de utilizar técnicas moleculares en el diagnóstico de laboratorio del virus del dengue: una revision

Autores/as

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.33448/rsd-v10i12.20261

Palabras clave:

Arbovirus; Dengue; Biología molecular; Reacción en Cadena de la Polimerasa.

Resumen

Los arbovirus corresponden a enfermedades transmitidas al ser humano por la picadura de artrópodos vectores y constituyen un creciente problema de salud pública. La mayoría de estos arbovirus están emergiendo y circulando por todo el país, entre ellos destaca el virus del dengue. Este arbovirus tiene cuatro serotipos, DENV1-4, por lo que es importante utilizar técnicas que puedan identificar el presente serotipo. En este contexto, este estudio es una revisión de la literatura que tiene como objetivo demostrar la importancia del uso de técnicas moleculares en el diagnóstico del dengue. Para ello, se realizaron búsquedas de artículos científicos en las bases de datos PubMed, LILACS, SciElo y Academic Google. Se encontró que el uso de la técnica molecular de RT-PCR y sus variaciones son de gran importancia para la detección viral, así como para la diferenciación de serotipos circulantes. Por tanto, esta es una técnica que tiene ventajas en el diagnóstico del dengue, ya que tiene buena sensibilidad, especificidad y reproducibilidad. Por tanto, se observa que el diagnóstico molecular de laboratorio contribuye positivamente al aislamiento viral, además de asegurar la identificación del genotipo circulante y así garantizar qué serotipo prevalece en una localización determinada. Estas ventajas de aislamiento contribuyen al control epidemiológico y sirven para alertar a las autoridades de salud para promover medidas de prevención y control de esta enfermedad.

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Publicado

20/09/2021

Cómo citar

COSTA, D. S. .; ARAÚJO, D. D.; SANTOS, J. C. dos .; PEREIRA, H. da S. .; ANDRADE, G. L. de .; SALES, A. C. S. .; ALVES, N. dos S. .; RODRIGUES, A. I. . La importancia de utilizar técnicas moleculares en el diagnóstico de laboratorio del virus del dengue: una revision. Research, Society and Development, [S. l.], v. 10, n. 12, p. e271101220261, 2021. DOI: 10.33448/rsd-v10i12.20261. Disponível em: https://rsdjournal.org/index.php/rsd/article/view/20261. Acesso em: 23 nov. 2024.

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