Infección del tracto urinario causada por Escherichia coli uropatógena resistente a los antibióticos: un importante problema de salud pública
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.33448/rsd-v10i16.23190Palabras clave:
Infecciones del tracto urinario; Escherichia coli uropatógena; Resistencia a antibióticos; Vacunas; Salud pública; Carga económica.Resumen
La infección del tracto urinario (ITU) causada por Escherichia coli uropatógena (UPEC) es una de las infecciones bacterianas más prevalentes y es una de las principales causas de morbilidad relacionada con la salud y costos hospitalarios en todo el mundo. La creciente resistencia bacteriana a los antibióticos que se administran de forma rutinaria a las personas infectadas se está convirtiendo en una fuente importante de preocupación. La investigación actual muestra que la UPEC se está volviendo más resistente a múltiples clases de antibióticos, incluidas las fluoroquinolonas, los betalactámicos y los aminoglucósidos, como resultado de los determinantes genéticos de la resistencia y los clones resistentes a múltiples fármacos. El conocimiento de la etiología local y el perfil de sensibilidad de los uropatógenos más comunes a los antibióticos debe orientar las decisiones en la terapia empírica de la ITU no complicada. Dada la alta prevalencia de infecciones urinarias y de bacterias multirresistentes, las medidas preventivas como el desarrollo de una vacunación eficaz son fundamentales. El trabajo actual es una revisión integrada de la literatura que sintetiza información sobre las infecciones urinarias causadas por E. coli uropatógena resistente a los antibióticos y considera las implicaciones prácticas de los resultados clave de la investigación.
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