Consumo de dietas bajas en carbohidratos alta en grasas alta en proteína y sus implicaciones metabólicas, clínicas y nutricionales: una revisión integrativa

Autores/as

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.33448/rsd-v10i16.23575

Palabras clave:

Dieta restringida en carbohidratos; Composición corporal; Obesidad; Diabetes mellitus; Enfermedad cardiovascular.

Resumen

El consumo de la dieta "de moda" "Low Carb High fat High Protein" (LCHFHP) es cada vez más frecuente en la actualidad porque provoca una pérdida de peso más rápida y la consecuente mejora en la calidad de vida. Esta revisión integradora tiene como objetivo identificar las implicaciones metabólicas, clínicas y nutricionales relacionadas con el consumo de dietas bajas en carbohidratos, ricas en grasas y ricas en proteínas. La búsqueda bibliográfica se realizó mediante búsquedas en las bases de datos electrónicas Pubmed Central y Elsevier, de 2006 a 2018, utilizando los siguientes descriptores: “carbohidrato; carbohidratos dietéticos; dieta baja en carbohidratos; dieta restringida en carbohidratos; cetosis; diabetes; motor activo; obesidad; enfermedad cardiovascular; proteína; actividad física." Inicialmente se encontraron 68.219 artículos. De estos, 40 fueron preseleccionados cumpliendo los criterios de inclusión. Sin embargo, entre estos 40, 28 estaban dentro del perfil de estudio. La mayoría de los estudios, aunque demostraron efectos positivos con el consumo de la dieta LCHFHP, a corto plazo, en términos de pérdida de peso, reducción del porcentaje de grasa corporal, mejora de la sensibilidad a la insulina y control glucémico y reducción del uso de medicamentos, mostraron que estos efectos no siempre se atribuyeron a la reducción de carbohidratos en la dieta. Además de estos beneficios a largo plazo, hubo un aumento en los niveles séricos de biomarcadores inflamatorios, en la extensión de la aterosclerosis y en la morbilidad y mortalidad cardiovascular. Se realizaron más estudios, principalmente a largo plazo y con una muestra más amplia, con el fin de investigar mejor los beneficios o riesgos derivados del consumo de estas dietas, así como el mecanismo de acción, especialmente frente a enfermedades no transmisibles. enfermedades crónicas.

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Publicado

14/12/2021

Cómo citar

PAULA , S. L. de; MATOS, M. R. T. .; MARTINS , Y. C. .; ARAÚJO, N. A. de .; SILVA, F. S. H. da .; SILVA, M. A. .; SANTOS, K. L. S. dos .; OLIVEIRA , G. P. de .; SOBRINHO , W. D. .; SILVA, T. R. da S. .; RODRIGUES, N. C. R. .; TEIXEIRA, L. B. .; AGUIAR, J. R. V. de; DORNELLES, C. .; ALVES, W. de C.; EVANGELISTA, N. M. C. .; FREITAS , M. C. de .; CHAGAS , D. B.; ALVES, L. C.; BESSA, N. G. . Consumo de dietas bajas en carbohidratos alta en grasas alta en proteína y sus implicaciones metabólicas, clínicas y nutricionales: una revisión integrativa. Research, Society and Development, [S. l.], v. 10, n. 16, p. e282101623575, 2021. DOI: 10.33448/rsd-v10i16.23575. Disponível em: https://rsdjournal.org/index.php/rsd/article/view/23575. Acesso em: 17 jul. 2024.

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