Marcadores bioquímicos en especies agrícolas y forestales: una revisión sistemática
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.33448/rsd-v10i17.24172Palabras clave:
ADH; Alfa-amilasa; MDH; Proteínas LEA; Peroxiredoxinas.Resumen
Las proteínas y las enzimas son marcadores bioquímicos informativos que se utilizan con frecuencia en estudios de plantas. El objetivo de este trabajo fue dar a conocer los estudios con enzimas y proteínas utilizadas como marcadores bioquímicos en cultivos y especies forestales. Los artículos fueron buscados en las bases de datos científicas Scopus y Web of Science en diciembre de 2020. Las palabras clave eran una combinación de "agrícola" o "forestal" con el operador booleano AND y el nombre de las enzimas: alcohol deshidrogenasa /ADH, malato deshidrogenasa / Proteínas MDH, alfa-amilasa, peroxiredoxina y LEA. En el análisis se incluyeron 82 artículos sobre enzimas en especies agrícolas o forestales. Los artículos fueron publicados desde 1976 hasta 2020, con una publicación anual promedio de 12.2. La tasa de crecimiento porcentual anual del 2,52% y los artículos fueron desarrollados por 337 autores. Los cultivos más estudiados son Oryza sativa L., Glycine max L., Zea mays L., Hordeum vulgare L., ejemplares de los géneros Triticum y Brassica. Las especies forestales pertenecían a los géneros Pinus, Picea, Nothofagus, Quercus y Sorbus ya la especie Fagus sylvatica L. Los principales tejidos utilizados para la extracción son hojas, semillas, yemas y raíces. Los estudios tratan principalmente de enzimas o proteínas como marcadores asociados a los estreses abióticos y la estructura o diversidad genética.
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