El impacto del aislamiento social de COVID-19 en la autopercepción de la salud general y emocional de los brasileños

Autores/as

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.33448/rsd-v11i1.24818

Palabras clave:

COVID-19; Aislamiento social; Salud pública; Distanciamiento físico.

Resumen

Con el fin de proteger a la población de COVID-19 y contener la propagación del virus, se propuso el aislamiento social. Sin embargo, el confinamiento y las medidas restrictivas de movimiento generaron impactos negativos en la población, principalmente en lo que respecta a la salud y el aspecto emocional. Objetivo: Analizar el impacto del aislamiento social de COVID-19 en la autopercepción de la salud general y emocional de los brasileños. Metodología: En este estudio participaron 660 participantes, y la recolección se realizó de agosto a septiembre de 2020 durante la pandemia COVID-19. Se aplicó un cuestionario electrónico diseñado por los investigadores con 26 preguntas cerradas de opción múltiple (datos de identificación, salud general y aspectos emocionales). Resultados: Edad promedio de 36 años, 80% mujeres, residentes de todos los estados brasileños. El 36,2% trabajaba en una oficina en casa y el 17,4% perdió su empleo durante la pandemia. El 50,7% cumplió al pie de la letra el aislamiento social. Entre los aspectos emocionales, la ansiedad (p = 0,083) y el estrés (p = 0,014) fueron los más destacados, además de un cambio significativo en la dieta (p = 0,017) y la presencia de acúfenos (p = 0,070). De los sujetos COVID-19 positivos (n = 73) los datos fueron significativos para estrés (p = 0.017), presencia de tinnitus (p = 0.038) y mareos (p = 0.000). Conclusión: Se concluyó que el aislamiento social era un factor de riesgo para el aumento del estrés, el cambio de hábitos alimentarios y la aparición de acúfenos, además de una mayor tendencia a la ansiedad; y que la infección por COVID-19 era un factor de riesgo para el estrés y para la aparición de mareos y acúfenos entre los participantes.

Citas

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Publicado

06/01/2022

Cómo citar

OLIVEIRA, P. F. de .; JESUS , A. S. de .; OLIVEIRA, A. B. S. .; SANTOS, S. V. R. dos .; SILVA, A. G. de L. .; OLIVEIRA, G. S. de .; RAPOSO, O. F. F. .; GUEDES-GRANZOTI, R. B. . El impacto del aislamiento social de COVID-19 en la autopercepción de la salud general y emocional de los brasileños. Research, Society and Development, [S. l.], v. 11, n. 1, p. e26711124818, 2022. DOI: 10.33448/rsd-v11i1.24818. Disponível em: https://rsdjournal.org/index.php/rsd/article/view/24818. Acesso em: 3 jul. 2024.

Número

Sección

Ciencias de la salud