Dieta cetogénica: ¿una estrategia eficaz para controlar el peso corporal?

Autores/as

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.33448/rsd-v11i2.25303

Palabras clave:

Bajo en carbohidratos; Cetogénico; Perdida de peso.

Resumen

La obesidad es un problema de salud pública mundial, que favorece las enfermedades crónicas no transmisibles que afectan la calidad de vida y el riesgo de muerte. Por tanto, es necesario combatir esta epidemia perdiendo peso corporal. Las dietas restringidas en carbohidratos son objeto de preguntas sobre eficacia, mecanismo de acción y efectos adversos. Bajo esta definición, existe un protocolo dietético que está severamente restringido en carbohidratos, llamado dieta cetogénica, que originalmente estaba indicado para el tratamiento no farmacológico en la epilepsia, actualmente se ha indicado para la pérdida de peso sin un consenso en la literatura. El objetivo de este trabajo fue realizar una revisión narrativa de la literatura sobre la dieta cetogénica en cuanto a su eficacia en la pérdida de peso, repercusiones metabólicas, rendimiento deportivo y efectos secundarios. Se seleccionaron veintiséis artículos científicos publicados en los últimos catorce años, disponibles en los portales PubMed, Scielo, Google Scholar y BioMed. En 24 estudios, participó un grupo de control. En 18 artículos, los participantes fueron sometidos a protocolos sin restricciones calóricas. En todos los estudios, se observó reducción de peso de los participantes. Tras la revisión, la dieta cetogénica se considera efectiva para perder peso, mejora ciertos parámetros bioquímicos, pero cuando se controlan las calorías, los resultados de la pérdida de peso tienden a ser similares a los de una dieta de control, aunque existen diferencias en la bioquímica sérica.

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Publicado

18/01/2022

Cómo citar

SILVA JUNIOR, A. P. da; FREITAS, F. de O.; BRANDÃO , V. C. S.; QUEIROZ, S. G. .; ALCÂNTARA, A. M. de; XAVIER, W. de S.; AMBRÓSIO, C. L. B.; SANTANA, R. A. de. Dieta cetogénica: ¿una estrategia eficaz para controlar el peso corporal?. Research, Society and Development, [S. l.], v. 11, n. 2, p. e3911225303, 2022. DOI: 10.33448/rsd-v11i2.25303. Disponível em: https://rsdjournal.org/index.php/rsd/article/view/25303. Acesso em: 26 nov. 2024.

Número

Sección

Ciencias de la salud