Aceites esenciales de quimiotipos de Lippia gracilis y Lippia sidoides y sus principales compuestos carvacrol y timol: nanoemulsiones y actividad antifúngica contra Lasiodiplodia theobromae

Autores/as

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.33448/rsd-v11i3.26715

Palabras clave:

Verbenaceae; Germoplasma; Aceite volátil; Fitopatógenos; Emulsión.

Resumen

El objetivo de este trabajo fue evaluar la actividad antifúngica de los aceites esenciales (OE) de accesiones de Lippia gracilis y Lippia sidoides, sus principales compuestos y nanoemulsiones. Nanoemulsiones que contenían un 15% de OE o compuestos mayoritarios se obtuvieron por emulsificación espontánea. Los OE de dos accesos de L. gracilis (LGRA-106 eLGRA-109) y dos accesos de L. sidoides (LSID-102 y LSID-104) fueron extraídos por hidrodestilación y los compuestos mayoritarios timol y carvacrol fueron adquiridos comercialmente. La actividad antifúngica se probó contra Lasiodiplodia theobromae calculando el porcentaje de inhibición del crecimiento micelial causado por diferentes concentraciones (0.1; 0.5; 1.0; 5.0 y 10.0 mL.L-1) en relación con el control. Los OE y sus respectivas nanoemulsiones presentaron como compuestos principales el timol (LGRA-106: 61.84% y Nano-106: 63.43%; LSID-102: 64.07% y Nano-102: 83.03%) o carvacrol (LGRA-109: 54.56% y Nano-109: 45.63%; LSID-104: 69.06% y Nano-104: 38.66%). Nano-104 presentó el 35.91% de un compuesto no identificado. La actividad antifúngica de los OE fue similar a la de los compuestos mayoritarios, con una concentración mínima de fungicidas de 1.0 mL.L-1 para LGRA-106, LSID-102 así como para el timol, y 0.5 mL.L-1 para LGRA-109, LSID-104 así como para carvacrol. Se demostró que las nanoemulsiones solo podían reducir el crecimiento del hongo, a excepción de Nano-104 que exhibió actividad fungicida a la concentración de 10 ml.L-1. Al comparar la actividad antifúngica exhibida por los OE y sus respectivas nanoemulsiones, es posible observar que los OE exhibieron una mayor toxicidad contra L. theobromae. Estos resultados pueden ayudar en el desarrollo de productos para el control de este importante fitopatógeno.

Citas

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Publicado

26/02/2022

Cómo citar

MELO, J. O. de; BLANK, A. F.; NUNES, R. de S.; ALVES, P. B.; ARRIGONI-BLANK, M. de F.; GAGLIARDI, P. R.; NASCIMENTO-JÚNIOR, A. F. do; SAMPAIO, T. S.; LIMA, A. D.; NIZIO, D. A. de C. Aceites esenciales de quimiotipos de Lippia gracilis y Lippia sidoides y sus principales compuestos carvacrol y timol: nanoemulsiones y actividad antifúngica contra Lasiodiplodia theobromae. Research, Society and Development, [S. l.], v. 11, n. 3, p. e36511326715, 2022. DOI: 10.33448/rsd-v11i3.26715. Disponível em: https://rsdjournal.org/index.php/rsd/article/view/26715. Acesso em: 23 nov. 2024.

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Ciencias Agrarias y Biológicas