Fenología vegetativa y reproductiva de Copaifera langsdorffii Desf. en diferentes fitofisonomías
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.33448/rsd-v11i4.27288Palabras clave:
Chapada do Araripe; Fabáceas; Patrón de floración y fructificación; Estacionalidad.Resumen
Se ha discutido la fenología según las variaciones climáticas y las características ambientales de cada fisonomía, tratando de identificar si existe variación en las fenofases vegetativa y reproductiva, para Copaifera langsdorffii Desf. en áreas del Cerradão, Carrasco y Selva Húmeda, Chapada do Araripe en el Nordeste de Brasil y si se correlacionan con la estacionalidad. Se realizaron censos de observación mensuales a 10 individuos de cada zona desde enero de 2019 hasta diciembre de 2020. Se tomaron en cuenta las clases continua, subanual, anual y supraanual. Se evaluó la intensidad y sincronía de los individuos y se probó la estacionalidad mediante la correlación de Spearman con las variables climáticas locales. La especie presentó una estrategia fenológica vegetativa semidecidua, con picos ocurriendo principalmente al final de la estación lluviosa e inicio de la estación seca. El patrón de floración de C. langsdorffii se consideró anual y estacional, debido a que la floración ocurrió en períodos similares en las tres áreas, con picos en diciembre y enero. La fructificación ocurrió anualmente, con estacionalidad solo en la fitofisonomía del Cerradão. C. langsdorffii fructificó durante la estación lluviosa en el Cerradão, Carrasco y Selva Húmeda, con excepción solo de 2020 en Carrasco y Selva Húmeda, donde los individuos fructificaron tanto en la estación lluviosa como en la seca. De acuerdo con los resultados de la correlación, la precipitación, la temperatura y la humedad dan forma a los patrones reproductivos de C. langsdorffii, que también pueden ocurrir en poblaciones de esta especie en otros ambientes.
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Derechos de autor 2022 Maria de Oliveira Santos; Bianca Vilar de Almeida; Natália Barbosa Campos; Julimery Gonçalves Ferreira Macedo; Márcia Jordana Ferreira Macêdo; Daiany Alves Ribeiro; Maria Arlene Pessoa da Silva; João Tavares Calixto Júnior; José Galberto Martins da Costa; Marta Maria de Almeida Souza
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