Membrana amniótica reduce la pérdida de hueso alveolar y aumenta la ganancia de inserción en la enfermedad periodontal en ratas

Autores/as

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.33448/rsd-v11i5.28136

Palabras clave:

Membrana amniótica; Medicina regenerativa; Periodontitis; Ratas; Ligadura

Resumen

La enfermedad periodontal es un proceso inflamatorio crónico multifactorial que conduce a la destrucción de las estructuras del periodonto y posterior pérdida dentaria, perjudicando la salud bucal y general. La membrana amniótica (AM) atrae la atención como biomaterial para la medicina regenerativa, su arquitectura única asegura excelentes propiedades biológicas y mecánicas. El objetivo es analizar el potencial de la MA en la regeneración de tejidos periodontales en periodontitis inducida en ratas. La muestra involucró a 26 ratas macho Rattus norvegicus, Albinos, Wistar, con un peso aproximado de 200 a 250 g, que después del período de aclimatación se dividieron aleatoriamente en grupos: Grupo normal (n=6): los animales no fueron sometidos a ningún procedimiento, siguiendo el curso del experimento; Grupo ligadura (n=10): los animales fueron sometidos a ligadura para inducción de periodontitis, ya las 2 semanas se retiró y se continuó sin tratamiento; Grupo Ligadura + MA (n=10): los animales fueron sometidos a ligadura para inducir la periodontitis, después de 2 semanas se retiró la ligadura y se colocó la MA alrededor del defecto óseo. Después de 4 semanas de acción AM, los animales fueron sacrificados y se realizaron análisis macroscópicos, morfométricos, histológicos, histomorfométricos y estadísticos para evaluar la reparación periodontal. Hubo una instalación importante de enfermedad periodontal, y después de la colocación de AM, hubo una disminución en la pérdida de hueso alveolar y profundidad de sondaje, ganancia en el nivel de inserción conjuntival y tejidos periodontales con un aspecto de normalidad. Se concluye que la AM estimula la reparación periodontal luego de eliminar el agente etiológico que estaba causando la periodontitis.

Citas

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Publicado

09/04/2022

Cómo citar

TEIXEIRA, R. J. M.; MALAQUIAS, T. de A.; SANT’ ANNA, L. B. . Membrana amniótica reduce la pérdida de hueso alveolar y aumenta la ganancia de inserción en la enfermedad periodontal en ratas. Research, Society and Development, [S. l.], v. 11, n. 5, p. e34411528136, 2022. DOI: 10.33448/rsd-v11i5.28136. Disponível em: https://rsdjournal.org/index.php/rsd/article/view/28136. Acesso em: 24 nov. 2024.

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