Alteraciones del aparato reproductor masculino por SARS-CoV-2 y su fisiopatología: Una revisión

Autores/as

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.33448/rsd-v11i9.31727

Palabras clave:

Fertilidad masculina; Coronavirus; Pandemia; Enzima convertidora de angiotensina 2.

Resumen

Esta revisión integrativa de la literatura tuvo como objetivo analizar los hallazgos sobre la acción del SARS-CoV-2 en el tracto genital masculino. La base de datos utilizada en la búsqueda fue PubMed, Scielo e Google Scholar con los siguientes descriptores: “Male fertility”, “COVID-19”, “Infertility”, además del uso del operador booleano (AND). La muestra final fue de 25 estudios de referencia. La entrada del coronavirus se produce por la interacción de sus proteínas con ACE-2 y TMPRSS2. Estas proteínas se han identificado en el sistema reproductor masculino, lo que explica varios hallazgos clínicos en pacientes infectados. Esta interacción del virus con las células impide la formación de Ang 1-7, que tiene propiedades antiinflamatorias, por lo que su reducción provocaría un daño tisular local en el tejido testicular. Los hallazgos fueron desde cambios histológicos con la formación de un infiltrado inflamatorio hasta una posible orquitis autoinmune. Además, existen controversias sobre ciertos temas, como la presencia del virus en el semen y su potencial para causar daño embriológico. El estudio mostró las diferentes posibilidades fisiopatológicas del virus en causar cambios en la fertilidad masculina, por medio del efecto inflamatorio, acción citopatológica directa del virus, fiebre, infecciones de otras estructuras del aparato reproductor, alteraciones directas en el eje hipotálamo hipofisario y uso de drogas como tratamiento. Todos estos resultados muestran la complejidad de este virus en otros sistemas y sus mecanismos, lo que requiere más estudios para su total comprensión.

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Publicado

06/07/2022

Cómo citar

CARVALHO, M. dos S. do N. .; CARVALHO, M. do N.; LIMA, J. C. de; SILVA, J. C.; CABRAL, A. B. Alteraciones del aparato reproductor masculino por SARS-CoV-2 y su fisiopatología: Una revisión. Research, Society and Development, [S. l.], v. 11, n. 9, p. e17211931727, 2022. DOI: 10.33448/rsd-v11i9.31727. Disponível em: https://rsdjournal.org/index.php/rsd/article/view/31727. Acesso em: 3 jul. 2024.

Número

Sección

Ciencias de la salud