Biomasa en una caldera industrial: caracterización y reducción de residuos del proceso de quema

Autores/as

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.33448/rsd-v11i9.31948

Palabras clave:

Combustible sólido; Ceniza; Residuos de biomassa; Corteza.

Resumen

Las cenizas constituyen un residuo producido en el proceso de generación de calor a partir de bioenergía. Este estudio tuvo como objetivo mejorar la eficiencia energética de la biomasa utilizada en una caldera industrial. Se utilizó el análisis fisicoquímico para mejorar la calidad de la biomasa para combustible sólido. Se analizaron cuatro tipos de biomasa (corteza de eucalipto, astillas de madera, aserrín y residuos de madera reciclada). El material (cenizas) se recolectó cada dos meses durante un año. Todas las muestras se caracterizaron para su análisis inmediato, composición química (macro y micronutrientes), caracterización morfológica (mediante microscopía electrónica de barrido [SEM] acoplada con espectroscopia de energía dispersiva [EDS]) y distribución del tamaño de partículas. Los cuatro tipos de biomasa mostraron diferencias significativas en contenido de humedad y análisis inmediato. La corteza presentó un alto porcentaje de impurezas con un contenido de cenizas del 26,99%. Fue posible reducir a la mitad el contenido de cenizas de la biomasa insertada en la caldera, separando la corteza en los estratos granulométricos y excluyendo el tamaño de partícula más pequeño (<0,84 mm). Los resultados para la ceniza mostraron que la composición química y los atributos físicos fueron similares en todas las muestras durante todo el año. Los componentes químicos eran los mismos, aunque variaban en cantidad. Es posible mejorar el rendimiento energético de la biomasa excluyendo las partículas más pequeñas antes de la inserción de la caldera.

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Publicado

15/07/2022

Cómo citar

HANSTED, A. L. S.; HANSTED, F. A. S. .; TOMELERI, J. O. P. .; CACURO, T. A. .; SETTE JR., C. R.; YAMAJI, F. M.; COSTA, V. E. Biomasa en una caldera industrial: caracterización y reducción de residuos del proceso de quema. Research, Society and Development, [S. l.], v. 11, n. 9, p. e45511931948, 2022. DOI: 10.33448/rsd-v11i9.31948. Disponível em: https://rsdjournal.org/index.php/rsd/article/view/31948. Acesso em: 22 dic. 2024.

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Ciencias Agrarias y Biológicas