Frecuencia y especificidad de la aloinmunización eritrocitaria en pacientes de un hospital de referencia en Alagoas, Brasil

Autores/as

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.33448/rsd-v11i11.33555

Palabras clave:

Aloinmunización; Anticuerpos; Antígenos; Enfermedades hematológicas; Transfusión.

Resumen

Objetivo: Determinar la frecuencia y especificidad de la aloinmunización eritrocitaria en pacientes tratados por hemoterapia en el Hospital Universitario Profesor Alberto Antunes - UFAL, Maceió-Alagoas, en el período 2013-2018. Método: Análisis retrospectivo de todas las historias clínicas de los pacientes que solicitaron concentrado de glóbulos rojos (RBC) con prueba de anticuerpos contra eritrocitos positiva. Resultados: La incidencia de aloinmunización eritrocitaria fue mayor en mujeres n=144 (80,45%) que en hombres n=35 (19,55%). Detectamos 13 anticuerpos, siendo las especificidades más frecuentemente identificadas anti-D (35,20%), anti-M (12,30%) y anti-E (7,82%). La combinación de anticuerpos ocurrió en veintiséis casos con predominio para combinaciones de anticuerpos del sistema Rh, anti-D + anti-C (23,08%). La mayor incidencia de aloanticuerpos se observó en mujeres embarazadas. Conclusión: La población estudiada presentó altos niveles de aloinmunización por el Sistema Rh, mayor especificidad de aloinmunización en mujeres por anti-D y mayor tasa de aloinmunización en hombres mayores de 40 años. Son necesarios nuevos estudios para una mejor comprensión de la aloinmunización eritrocitaria en la población de Alagoas.

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18/08/2022

Cómo citar

BARBOSA, K. L.; LESSA, . E. E. A. .; SOARES, M. A. .; SOUZA, W. de A.; LINS FILHO, A. de G. .; PEREIRA, K. R. L.; CHAGAS, K. P. A.; ARAÚJO, C. P. L. C. de; BRÊDA, D. M. de L.; PEREIRA, L. de A. . Frecuencia y especificidad de la aloinmunización eritrocitaria en pacientes de un hospital de referencia en Alagoas, Brasil. Research, Society and Development, [S. l.], v. 11, n. 11, p. e134111133555, 2022. DOI: 10.33448/rsd-v11i11.33555. Disponível em: https://rsdjournal.org/index.php/rsd/article/view/33555. Acesso em: 1 jul. 2024.

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Ciencias de la salud