Niacinamida para el tratamiento del melasma: una revisión integradora de ensayos clínicos aleatorios

Autores/as

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.33448/rsd-v11i11.33581

Palabras clave:

Melasma; Niacinamida; Pigmentación de la piel; Calidad de vida.

Resumen

Introducción: El melasma es una hipermelanosis muy frecuente y de difícil tratamiento, ya que suele responder mal a las terapias, afectando negativamente la calidad de vida de los pacientes. Objetivo: conocer y analizar la evidencia científica relacionada con el tratamiento de pacientes con melasma facial tratados con niacinamida. Método: se realizó una revisión de la literatura a partir de una búsqueda de datos en BIREME, PubMed, SciELO y ScienceDirect. Los artículos indexados en estas revistas electrónicas se incluyeron en el período de 2011 a 2019. Resultados: los análisis de evidencia revelaron un impacto importante en la aparición del melasma facial después del tratamiento con niacinamida. Pues bien, los estudios (100%) concluyeron mejora de las manchas con el tiempo de tratamiento, mejorando el aspecto de la piel. Conclusiones: La evidencia muestra que la niacinamida tiene una propiedad aclarante en mujeres adultas con mejoría de la hiperpigmentación melánica causada por el melasma. Sin embargo, hay muy poca evidencia publicada en la última década sobre el uso de niacinamida pura para el aumento de la pigmentación en el melasma.

Citas

Abdel-Naser, M. B., Seltmann, H., & Zouboulis, C. C. (2012). SZ95 sebocytes induce epidermal melanocyte dendricity and proliferation in vitro. Experimental Dermatology, 21(5), 393-395. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1600-0625.2012.01468.x

Babbush, K. M. Babbush, R. A., & Khachemoune, A. (2020). The Therapeutic Use of Antioxidants for Melasma. Journal of Drugs in Dermatology, 19(8), 788-792. https://doi.org/10.36849/jdd.2020.5079

Briganti, D., Flori, E., Mastrofrancesco, A., Kovacs, D., Camera, E., Ludovici, M., Cardinali, G., & Picardo, M. (2013). Azelaic acid reduced senescence-like phenotype in photo-irradiated human dermal fibroblasts: possible implication of PPARγ. Experimental Dermatology, 22(1), 41-47, 2013. https://doi.org/10.1111/exd.12066

Brazilian Society of Dermatology. (2006). Perfil nosológico das consultas dermatológicas no Brasil. Anais Brasileiros de Dermatologia, 81(6), 549-558. https://doi.org/10.1590/S0365-05962006000600006

Campuzano-García, A. E., Torres-Alvarez, B., Hernández-Blanco, D., Fuentes-Ahumada, C., Cortés-García, J. D., & Castanedo-Cázares, J. P. (2019). DNA Methyltransferases in Malar Melasma and Their Modification by Sunscreen in Combination with 4% Niacinamide, 0.05% Retinoic Acid, or Placebo. BioMed Research International, 1, 9068314. https://doi.org/10.1155/2019/9068314

Cestari, T. F., Hexsel, D., Viegas, M. L., Azulay, L., Hassun, K., Almeida, A. R. T., Rêgo, V. R. P. A., Mendes, A. M. D., Filho, J. W. A., & Junqueira, H. (2006). Validation of a melasma quality of life questionnaire for Brazilian Portuguese language: the MelasQoL-BP study and improvement of QoL of melasma patients after triple combination therapy. The British Journal of Dermatology, 156(1), 13-20. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2133.2006.07591.x

Cosmetic Ingredient Review Expert Panel. (2005). Final report of the safety assessment of niacinamide and niacin. International Journal of Toxicology, 24(5), 1-31. https://doi.org/10.1080/10915810500434183

Giansante, E., Merchpan-Pérez, E., & Poleo-Brito, L. (2020). Melasma treatment: comparative study between triple combination vs topical niacinamide and triple combination vs tranexamic intradermal acid. Journal of the Dermatology Nurse’s Association, 12(2), 1-1.

Jiang, J., Akinseye, O., Tovar-Garza, A., & Pandya, A. G. (2017). The effect of melasma on self-esteem: A pilot study. Internation Journal of Women’s Dermatology, 4(1), 38-42. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijwd.2017.11.003

Kang, W. H., Yoon, K. H., Lee, E. S., Kim, J., Lee, K. B., Yim, H., Sohn, S., & Im, S. (2002). Melasma: histopathological characteristics in 56 Korean patients. The British Journal of Dermatology, 146(2), 228-237. https://doi.org/10.1046/j.0007-0963.2001.04556.x

Kang, H. Y., Suzuki, I., Lee, D. J., Ha, J., Reiniche, P., Aubert, J., Deret, S., Zugaj, D., Voegel, J. J., & Ortonne, J. P. (2011). Transcriptional Profiling Shows Altered Expression of Wnt Pathway- and Lipid Metabolism-Related Genes as Well as Melanogenesis-Related Genes in Melasma. Journal of Investigative Dermatology, 131(8), 1692-700. https://doi.org/10.1038/jid.2011.109

Kim, J. Y., Lee, T. R., & Lee, A. Y. (2013). Reduced WIF-1 expression stimulates skin hyperpigmentation in patients with melasma. Journal of Investigative Dermatology, 133(1), 191-200. https://doi.org/10.1038/jid.2012.270

Kwon, S. H., Hwang, Y. J., Lee, S. K., & Park, K. C. (2016). Heterogeneous Pathology of Melasma and Its Clinical Implications. International Journal of Molecular Sciences, 17(6), 824, 2016. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms17060824

Kwon, S. H., Na, J. I., Choi, J. Y., & Park, K. C. (2019). Melasma: Updates and perspectives. Experimental Dermatology, 28(6), 704-708. https://doi.org/10.1111/exd.13844

Kuthial, M., Kaur, T., Malhota, S. K., & Gujral, U. (2019). Estimation of serum copper, superoxide dismutase and reduced glutathione levels in melasma: a case control study. Internationl Journal of Scientific Research, 8(5), 25-27. https://www.doi.org/10.36106/ijsr

Lee, D. J., Park, K. C., Ortonne, J. P., & Kang, H. Y. (2012). Pendulous melanocytes: a characteristic feature of melasma and how it may occur. The British Journal of Dermatology, 166(3), 684-686. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2133.2011.10648.x

Lee, A. Y. (2015). Recent progress in melasma pathogenesis. Pigment Cell & Melanona Research, 28(6), 648-660. https://doi.org/10.1111/pcmr.12404

Lee, M. H., Lee, K. K., Park, M. H., Hyun, S. S., Kahn, S. Y., Joo, K. S., Kang, H. C., & Kwon, W. T. (2016). In vivo anti-melanogenesis activity and in vitro skin permeability of niacinamide-loaded flexible liposomes (Bounsphere™). Journal of Drug Delivery Science and Technology, 31(1), 147-152. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jddst.2015.12.008

Madaan, P., Sikka, P., & Malik, D, S. (2021). Cosmeceutical Aptitudes of Niacinamide: A Review. Recent Advances in Anti-Infective Drug Discovery, 16(3), 196-208. https://doi.org/10.2174/2772434416666211129105629

Navarrete-Solís, J., Castanedo-Cázares, J. P., Torres-Álvarez, B., Oros-Ovalle, C., Fuentes-Ahumada, C., González, F. J., Martínez-Ramírez, J. D., & Moncada, B. (2011). A Double-Blind, Randomized Clinical Trial of Niacinamide 4% versus Hydroquinone 4% in the Treatment of Melasma. Dermatology Research and Practice, 1(1), 1-5. https://doi.org/10.1155/2011/379173

Ogbechie-Godec, O. A., & Elbuluk, N. (2017). Melasma: an Up-to-Date Comprehensive Review. Dermatology and Therapy, 7(3), 305-318. https://doi.org/10.1007/s13555-017-0194-1

Passeron, T. (2013). Melasma pathogenesis and influencing factors - an overview of the latest research. Journal of the European Academy of Dermatology and Venereology, 17(1), 5-6. https://doi.org/10.1111/jdv.12049

Passeron, T., & Picardo, M. (2018). Melasma, a photoaging disorder. Pigment Cell & Melanoma Research, 31(4), 461-465. https://doi.org/10.1111/pcmr.12684

Picardo, M., Zompetta, C., De Luca, C., Cirone, M., Faggioni, A., Nazzaro-Porro, M., Passi, S., & Prota, G. (1991). Role of skin surface lipids in UV-induced epidermal cell changes. Archives of Dermatological Research, 283(3), 191-197. https://doi.org/10.1007/bf00372061

Pollo, C. F., Meneguin, S., & Miot, H. A. (2018). Evaluation Instruments for Quality of Life Related to Melasma: An Integrative Review. Clinics, 73(1), e65. https://doi.org/10.6061/clinics/2018/e65

Santos-Caetano, J. P., Gfeller, C. F., Mahalingam, H., Thompson, M., Moore, D. J., Vila, R., Doi, R., & Cargill, M. R. (2020). Cosmetic benefits of a novel biomimetic lamellar formulation containing niacinamide in healthy females with oily, blemish-prone skin in a randomized proof-of-concept study. International Journal of Cosmetic Science, 42(1), 29-35. https://doi.org/10.1111/ics.12576

Sarkar, R., Bansal, A., & AilawadI, P. (2020). Future therapies in melasma: What lies ahead?. Indian Journal of Dermatology, Venereology and Leprology, 86(1), 8-17. https://doi.org/10.4103/ijdvl.ijdvl_633_18

Sheth, V. M., & Pandya, A. G. (2011). Melasma: a comprehensive update: part II. Journal of the American Academy of Dermatology, 65(4), 699-714. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jaad.2011.06.001

Snyder, H. (2019). Literature review as a research methodology: An overview and guidelines. Journal of Business Research, 104(1), 333-339. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jbusres.2019.07.039

Vashi, N. A., & Kundu, R. V. (2013). Facial hyperpigmentation: causes and treatment. The British Journal of Dermatology, 169(3), https://doi.org/10.1111/bjd.12536

Wohlrab, J., & Kreft, D. (2014). Niacinamide - Mechanisms of Action and Its Topical Use in Dermatology. Skin Pharmacology and Physiology, 27(6), 311-315. https://doi.org/10.1159/000359974

Yuan, X. H., & Jin, Z. H. (2018). Paracrine regulation of melanogenesis. The British Journal of Dermatology, 178(3), 632-639. https://doi.org/10.1111/bjd.15651

Zeng, X., Qiu, Y., & Xiang, W. (2020). In vivo reflectance confocal microscopy for evaluating common facial hyperpigmentation. Skin Research and Technology, 26(2), 215-219. https://doi.org/10.1111/srt.12782

Descargas

Publicado

20/08/2022

Cómo citar

PEDROSO, A. G. .; FURTADO, G. R. D. .; BARBOSA, K. L. . Niacinamida para el tratamiento del melasma: una revisión integradora de ensayos clínicos aleatorios. Research, Society and Development, [S. l.], v. 11, n. 11, p. e198111133581, 2022. DOI: 10.33448/rsd-v11i11.33581. Disponível em: https://rsdjournal.org/index.php/rsd/article/view/33581. Acesso em: 3 dic. 2024.

Número

Sección

Ciencias de la salud