Predicción de vibraciones inducidas por voladuras de rocas com explosivos utilizando redes neuronales artificiales

Autores/as

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.33448/rsd-v11i11.34020

Palabras clave:

Velocidad máxima de vibración de partículas; Vibraciones sísmicas; Voladura de rocas con explosivos; Redes neuronales artificiales; Ecuaciones empíricas.

Resumen

En la industria minera, el parámetro más utilizado para la cuantificación y evaluación del daño potencial de las vibraciones sísmicas generadas por la voladura de rocas es la velocidad máxima de vibración de partículas (VPP). Se han tomado varias iniciativas con el objetivo de estimar los niveles de VPP. Los rápidos avances en la tecnología informática han convertido a los sistemas inteligentes en herramientas prometedoras para estimar resultados de las voladuras de rocas. En este contexto, este estudio tiene como objetivo evaluar las vibraciones inducidas por la voladura de rocas con explosivos en una mina en el Quadrilátero Ferrífero por medio de redes neuronales artificiales. La base de datos se dividió en muestras de entrenamiento (70%) y prueba (30%) de las redes. Considerando la importancia de seleccionar variables adecuadas para el entrenamiento de redes, se analizaron diferentes grupos de variables de entrada. La arquitectura que demostró mejor desempeño consideró la distancia entre el punto de monitoreo y detonación y la carga máxima por retardo como variables input. Para comparar el desempeño de la red neuronal con el desempeño de modelos empíricos y de regresión múltiple, se aplicó la misma base de datos. Finalmente, el modelo de red neuronal demostró ser superior a las ecuaciones empíricas y la regresión múltiple en términos de coeficiente de determinación (R²) y raíz del error cuadrático medio (RMSE) para los datos medidos y predichos. Además, se demostró la importancia de seleccionar las variables de entrada adecuadas para estimar el VPP por medio de redes neuronales.

Citas

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Publicado

03/09/2022

Cómo citar

ZORZAL, C. B.; SANTOS, F. L. dos; SILVA, J. M. da .; SOUZA, R. de F. . Predicción de vibraciones inducidas por voladuras de rocas com explosivos utilizando redes neuronales artificiales. Research, Society and Development, [S. l.], v. 11, n. 11, p. e576111134020, 2022. DOI: 10.33448/rsd-v11i11.34020. Disponível em: https://rsdjournal.org/index.php/rsd/article/view/34020. Acesso em: 8 jul. 2024.

Número

Sección

Ingenierías