La inyección submucosa de dexametasona en la cirugía de extracción de terceros molares reduce el dolor y el edema postoperatorios? Una revisión

Autores/as

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.33448/rsd-v12i4.35269

Palabras clave:

Cirugía bucal; Tercer molar; Dexametasona; Edema; Dolor.

Resumen

La cirugía de extracción de terceros molares es una de las más realizadas por odontólogos y cirujanos orales y maxilofaciales. Son procedimientos que pueden ser simples hasta un contexto que presenta un mayor nivel de complejidad, con la necesidad de odontosección y remoción de tejido óseo, lo que tiende a promover más dolor, inflamación, edema y trismo. Desde esta perspectiva, los corticosteroides son fármacos que han sido ampliamente utilizados para controlar las complicaciones postoperatorias, y la inyección submucosa de Dexametasona es una alternativa prometedora. El presente estudio es una revisión bibliográfica. Se establecieron criterios de inclusión y exclusión, que seleccionaron un total de 31 estudios, de los cuales el 54,8% (n = 17) procedían de PUBMED, el 32,2% (n = 10) de SCOPUS y el 12,9% (n = 4) de Google Scholar. Los estudios se distribuyeron entre los años 2006 a 2021. En los 31 estudios seleccionados se evaluaron 1817 pacientes. La cirugía realizada y evaluada en el 100% de los estudios (n = 31) fue la exodoncia del tercer molar inferior. En 11 estudios, las inyecciones, en general, obtuvieron resultados más significativos en el alivio del dolor y del edema, sin embargo, no hubo diferencias relevantes entre el nivel de acción de unas y otras. El presente estudio analizó que la aplicación submucosa de dexametasona puede ser considerada una técnica eficaz y tiene eficacia comparable con otras formas de inyección, sin embargo con las ventajas de ser una técnica como acción local más rápida, simple ejecución y menor morbilidad para el paciente.

Biografía del autor/a

Calebe Lamonier de Oliveira Costa Paiva, Universidade Federal do Ceará

Graduada en Odontología - Universidad Potiguar

Cirujano Oral y Maxilofacial - Universidad Federal de Ceará (Hospital Universitario Walter Cantídio)

Estudiante de maestría en Ciencias de la Salud - Universidad Federal de Ceará

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Publicado

20/04/2023

Cómo citar

VERAS, I. C. .; PAIVA, C. L. de O. C. .; SILVA, E. I. de A. .; CAVALCANTE, A. C.; CAVALCANTE, V. F. .; LOPES, T. S. .; SANTOS, T. J. S. dos . La inyección submucosa de dexametasona en la cirugía de extracción de terceros molares reduce el dolor y el edema postoperatorios? Una revisión. Research, Society and Development, [S. l.], v. 12, n. 4, p. e29012435269, 2023. DOI: 10.33448/rsd-v12i4.35269. Disponível em: https://rsdjournal.org/index.php/rsd/article/view/35269. Acesso em: 27 jul. 2024.

Número

Sección

Ciencias de la salud