Manejo y criterios de selección para la cirugía TAVR en pacientes con estenosis aórtica durante la pandemia COVID-19

Autores/as

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.33448/rsd-v11i14.36268

Palabras clave:

Estenosis aórtica; Pandemia COVID-19; Sustitución transcatéter de la válvula aórtica.

Resumen

La sobrecarga del sistema sanitario a escala mundial fue una de las consecuencias, donde los criterios de electividad de las cirugías de urgencia y emergencia se adaptaron a una nueva realidad. En el caso de la cirugía de la estenosis aórtica (EA), se priorizó la técnica de sustitución de la válvula aórtica por vía transcatéter (TAVR) frente a la cirugía convencional (AVR) por ser menos invasiva y estar indicada para pacientes de riesgo. Para evaluar la viabilidad del estudio, realizamos una investigación previa en la que se hicieron búsquedas individuales en PubMed, Scielo y Web of Science, utilizando descriptores Mesh/Decs y operadores booleanos, donde se encontraron 129 artículos y se seleccionaron 10. Encontramos que el cribado del TAVR se produjo principalmente analizando la gravedad de los síntomas de la EA, la reducción de la fracción de eyección del ventrículo izquierdo, los antecedentes de ictus, la enfermedad coronaria obstructiva, asociados al riesgo de infección.  La intervención quirúrgica mediante TAVR demostró ser segura en pacientes con alto riesgo cardiovascular, independientemente del riesgo de infección por sars-cov-2. Concluimos que el TAVR se recomienda en un escenario pandémico, principalmente para reducir las complicaciones tromboembólicas e incluso con riesgo de contaminación, la cirugía debe realizarse para evitar posibles muertes.

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Publicado

27/10/2022

Cómo citar

MAIA, L. S.; FERNANDES, C. R. Manejo y criterios de selección para la cirugía TAVR en pacientes con estenosis aórtica durante la pandemia COVID-19 . Research, Society and Development, [S. l.], v. 11, n. 14, p. e302111436268, 2022. DOI: 10.33448/rsd-v11i14.36268. Disponível em: https://rsdjournal.org/index.php/rsd/article/view/36268. Acesso em: 30 jun. 2024.

Número

Sección

Ciencias de la salud