Diseño de un sistema de clarificación de efluentes de lavandería hospitalaria

Autores/as

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.33448/rsd-v11i15.37275

Palabras clave:

Servicio de lavanderia en hospital; Ceniza del carbón; Zeolitas; Clarificación de aguas; Adsorción.

Resumen

Aproximadamente el 20% de las cenizas de carbón mineral (MCA) generadas a nivel mundial, durante la combustión de este combustible fósil, se han utilizado para producir cemento Portland. Otras aplicaciones incluyen la mejora de suelos, la industria cerámica, la catálisis, y una aplicación de especial interés para este trabajo que es la síntesis de zeolitas. Se desarrolló un sistema de clarificación de efluentes hospitalarios utilizando MCA como adsorbente de sustancias responsables del color del efluente generado por la lavandería. Un tanque de mezcla perfecto promueve el contacto íntimo entre el MCA y el efluente. A la salida del tanque de mezcla, un sensor de pH correlacionó el valor de esta variable con la concentración de MCA en la mezcla dentro del tanque. Luego, la información sobre el pH de la mezcla se enviaba a un controlador lógico programable (PLC), que regulaba la velocidad del motor de un transportador de tornillo, con la ayuda de un convertidor de frecuencia. Se consiguió una eficacia de eliminación de color del orden del 99,8%. El sistema de clarificación propuesto puede operar tanto en lote como en continuo. En el primer caso, se pueden establecer las condiciones ideales de funcionamiento. La estrategia para ajustar las condiciones de operación es obtener una capacidad nominal adecuada para el sistema reduciendo o aumentando el número de ciclones por batería o el número de baterías de ciclones.

Biografía del autor/a

Daniel de Morais Sobral, Federal Rural University of Pernambuco; Northeast Biotechnology Network

Northeast Biotechnology Network, Brazil

Ivan Xavier Lins, Federal University of Pernambuco; Northeast Biotechnology Network

Northeast Biotechnology Network, Brazil

Galba Maria Campos-Takaki, Catholic University of Pernambuco; Northeast Biotechnology Network

Northeast Biotechnology Network, Brazil

Nucleus of Research in Environmental Sciences and Biotechnology of Catholic University of Pernambuco, Brazil

Valdemir Alexandre dos Santos, Catholic University of Pernambuco; Northeast Biotechnology Network; Advanced Institute of Technology and Innovation

Northeast Biotechnology Network, Brazil

Advanced Institute of Technology and Innovation, Brazil

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Publicado

18/11/2022

Cómo citar

SOBRAL, D. de M.; NOVAES, C. F.; LINS, I. X.; CAMPOS-TAKAKI, G. M.; SANTOS, V. A. dos. Diseño de un sistema de clarificación de efluentes de lavandería hospitalaria. Research, Society and Development, [S. l.], v. 11, n. 15, p. e317111537275, 2022. DOI: 10.33448/rsd-v11i15.37275. Disponível em: https://rsdjournal.org/index.php/rsd/article/view/37275. Acesso em: 11 may. 2025.

Número

Sección

Ingenierías