Aproximaciones a la prevención y tratamiento de la obesidad infantil en atención basica: revisión narrativa

Autores/as

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.33448/rsd-v12i1.39717

Palabras clave:

Obesidad Pediátrica; Atención Primaria de Salud; Manejo de la Obesidad; Prevención Primaria; Promoción de la salud.

Resumen

El sobrepeso y la obesidad afectaron aproximadamente a 340 millones de niños y adolescentes en el mundo en 2016. En este sentido, dado que la obesidad es una enfermedad crónica, se deben entender los factores relacionados con este problema de salud pública, entre ellos: sedentarismo, bajo poder socioeconómico y acceso a el sistema de salud Este estudio tuvo como objetivo comprender los principales enfoques para la prevención y el manejo de la obesidad en la atención primaria de salud. Se realizó una revisión narrativa de la literatura, utilizando los descriptores en las bases de datos PubMed, SciELO y Periódico Capes, de la cual se obtuvieron 342 artículos, de los cuales 31 fueron elegidos para la base de esta revisión. Según la etiología multifactorial de la obesidad, estudios recientes han demostrado la importancia de la intervención terapéutica en diferentes ámbitos, a través de la atención primaria, el apoyo familiar, el entorno escolar, las tecnologías, la intervención farmacológica o quirúrgica. Además, se destacan las dificultades encontradas para llevar a cabo la prevención y el correcto tratamiento de la obesidad en la infancia. Por ello, el seguimiento multidisciplinar junto con la escuela y la familia es fundamental, promoviendo la salud de jóvenes y niños, previniendo la obesidad en la vida adulta, así como la integridad individual y las comorbilidades y enfermedades asociadas a la enfermedad.

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Publicado

09/01/2023

Cómo citar

AZEVEDO, B. M. Ávila .; LIMA, Éllyda V. de .; PRIMO JÚNIOR, I. P. .; CARNEIRO, M. I. C. .; ALCÂNTARA, A. de A. .; PIMENTEL , K. J. S. .; NUNES, M. L. S. F. .; ARAÚJO, M. P. de .; PEREIRA, J. E. .; NASCIMENTO, G. A. do .; SANTOS, M. O. S. dos . Aproximaciones a la prevención y tratamiento de la obesidad infantil en atención basica: revisión narrativa. Research, Society and Development, [S. l.], v. 12, n. 1, p. e22312139717, 2023. DOI: 10.33448/rsd-v12i1.39717. Disponível em: https://rsdjournal.org/index.php/rsd/article/view/39717. Acesso em: 20 dic. 2024.

Número

Sección

Ciencias de la salud