Daño renal agudo inducido por COVID-19: una revisión de la literatura
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.33448/rsd-v12i2.39997Palabras clave:
COVID-19; Lesión renal aguda; SARS-CoV-2.Resumen
Introducción: La infección por COVID-19 ha presentado importantes complicaciones a los afectados por la enfermedad, entre ellas, la insuficiencia renal aguda ha venido mostrando una incidencia creciente. Objetivo: conocer la prevalencia de las lesiones renales asociadas a la COVID-19, así como sus principales manifestaciones clínicas y de laboratorio. Método: Se realizó una revisión narrativa de la literatura utilizando las bases de datos Scientific Electronic Library Online (SciELO) y PubMed. Para la búsqueda se utilizaron los descriptores: “Sars-CoV-2”, “COVID-19” y “Acute Kidney Injury”. Se seleccionaron artículos completos, publicados en los idiomas: inglés, español y portugués, durante el año 2020 a 2023. Se preseleccionaron 482 producciones científicas, de las cuales 59 correspondieron a los criterios de inclusión: artículos completos; en inglés, portugués y español y relacionado con el objetivo utilizado en este estudio. Resultados y Discusión: Reportes de brotes previos de síndrome respiratorio agudo severo describieron la prevalencia de daño renal agudo, variando del 5% al 15% de todos los casos, requiriendo el uso de terapia de reemplazo renal para el 5% al 58% de pacientes críticamente enfermos. El impacto de la lesión renal aguda en los resultados de los pacientes con SARS (SARS)-CoV-2 aún no está claro, pero es de particular interés para introducir una terapia temprana en pacientes agudos y contribuir a una mejor definición del pronóstico. La medida (?) en la que el desarrollo de lesión renal aguda se asocia con COVID-19 grave no está clara, dada su asociación con una desregulación inmunitaria relativa y respuestas inflamatorias exageradas. Sin embargo, se concluye que los pacientes con desarrollo de insuficiencia renal aguda tienen un peor pronóstico y una mayor tasa de mortalidad.
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Derechos de autor 2023 Lillian Batista Terceros; Marta Driemeier
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