Efectos hepáticos de la cirugía bariátrica en pacientes con esteatosis hepática no alcohólica: ¿Cuál es la mejor técnica?

Autores/as

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.33448/rsd-v12i8.43056

Palabras clave:

Enfermedad del hígado graso no alcohólico; Cirugía bariátrica; Derivación gástrica; Gastrectomía.

Resumen

Fuertemente asociada con la obesidad, la enfermedad del hígado graso no alcohólico (EHGNA) se caracteriza por el depósito ectópico de grasa hepática que provoca anomalías histopatológicas con un alto riesgo de morbilidad y mortalidad. Las personas con obesidad mórbida son las más afectadas por la enfermedad, y para estos pacientes la cirugía bariátrica sigue siendo la mejor opción terapéutica para la pérdida de peso sostenida. El objetivo de este estudio es comparar las técnicas de bypass gástrico en Y de Roux (RYGB) y gastrectomía en manga (Sleeve) y discutir sus efectos en el tratamiento de NAFLD. Esta es una revisión integrativa de la literatura basada en las bases de datos de la Biblioteca Virtual en Salud (BVS) y la Biblioteca Nacional de Medicina - Institutos Nacionales de Salud (PUBMED). El proceso de cribado tuvo los siguientes criterios de inclusión: artículos que respondieran a la pregunta de investigación, en inglés, portugués y español y publicados entre 2018 y 2023. De esto, se obtuvieron un total de 16 estudios. La discusión incluyó cuatro ejes temáticos: 1. Patogénesis de la EHGNA abordando los factores involucrados en la disfunción hepática; 2. Limitaciones del tratamiento conservador, que incluye intervenciones en el estilo de vida y farmacoterapia; 3. Efectos de la cirugía bariátrica en los estadios de EHGNA, entre ellos, la mejora de la inflamación y balonización hepatocelular. Finalmente, la comparación de los efectos hepáticos inducidos por las técnicas, mostrando los mejores resultados.

Citas

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Publicado

03/09/2023

Cómo citar

GUIMARÃES, I. V. .; FREITAS, D. S. .; RASERA JUNIOR, I. . Efectos hepáticos de la cirugía bariátrica en pacientes con esteatosis hepática no alcohólica: ¿Cuál es la mejor técnica?. Research, Society and Development, [S. l.], v. 12, n. 8, p. e19612843056, 2023. DOI: 10.33448/rsd-v12i8.43056. Disponível em: https://rsdjournal.org/index.php/rsd/article/view/43056. Acesso em: 30 jun. 2024.

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