Candida albicans: Factores de virulencia, patogénesis y formas de diagnosticar y controlar su infección

Autores/as

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.33448/rsd-v13i1.44781

Palabras clave:

Candida albicans; Candidiasis; Diagnóstico; Factores de virulencia.

Resumen

El objetivo de este estudio fue presentar una revisión sobre Candida albicans, abordando sus principales factores de virulencia, patogénesis y formas de diagnóstico y control de la infección provocada por el microorganismo, conocida como candidiasis. Sus principales factores de virulencia son adherencia, polimorfismo y dimorfismo, que ayudan en la invasión tisular, variabilidad fenotípica, tolerancia a toxinas y enzimas como proteasas y fosfolipasas. Estos factores otorgarán al hongo la capacidad de colonizar, establecerse y, por lo tanto, causar infecciones. C. albicans puede proliferar en la piel y también en las mucosas de cavidad orofaríngea, tracto gastrointestinal y tracto vaginal. El resultado de esta colonización es la formación de placas blancas o nódulos con bordes eritematosos en la región infectada. Además, puede presentar dolor y ardor o ser asintomática. El diagnóstico de la candidiasis se realiza en función de los síntomas presentados por el huésped. Además, se pueden utilizar cultivos, exámenes histopatológicos, hemocultivos y pruebas séricas de betaglucanos. El tratamiento de la candidiasis se realiza con antifúngicos. Sin embargo, se han realizado investigaciones con productos de plantas medicinales para proporcionar un enfoque integrador y complementario para el control de este patógeno. Thymus vulgaris L. es un buen ejemplo de esto. Se trata de una planta con diversos fitoquímicos y reconocidas actividades biológicas, que incluyen el efecto antifúngico. Con esto, este estudio demostró algunas características morfológicas y patológicas de C. albicans. También fue posible comprender cómo se manifiesta la candidiasis, cómo se puede diagnosticar y tratar de manera convencional e integradora y complementaria.

Citas

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Publicado

14/01/2024

Cómo citar

SILVA, K. G. dos S.; NASCIMENTO, G. O. do .; SILVA, E. E. M. da .; CABRAL, L. H. V.; FARIA, T. M. R.; OLIVEIRA, J. R. de . Candida albicans: Factores de virulencia, patogénesis y formas de diagnosticar y controlar su infección. Research, Society and Development, [S. l.], v. 13, n. 1, p. e6413144781, 2024. DOI: 10.33448/rsd-v13i1.44781. Disponível em: https://rsdjournal.org/index.php/rsd/article/view/44781. Acesso em: 24 nov. 2024.

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Ciencias de la salud