Medicamentos que reducen la morbimortalidad en pacientes con insuficiencia cardíaca: Una revisión de literatura

Autores/as

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.33448/rsd-v13i2.45141

Palabras clave:

Insuficiencia cardíaca; Medicamentos; Morbimortalidad; Cardiología; Tratamiento.

Resumen

La insuficiencia cardíaca (IC) es una patología caracterizada por la incapacidad del corazón para bombear o acomodar la sangre eficientemente, lo que lleva a síntomas derivados de la disminución del gasto cardíaco y el aumento de las presiones de llenado. Su tratamiento tiene como objetivo aliviar los síntomas, mejorar la calidad de vida, abordar la causa subyacente y reducir la morbimortalidad. La mortalidad relacionada con la IC es significativa, alrededor del 50% en 5 años, además de presentar altas tasas de hospitalización y readmisión. Dada esta significativa morbimortalidad asociada con la insuficiencia cardíaca, el objetivo de este estudio fue promover una revisión integrada en las bases de datos disponibles para explorar mejor qué fármacos utilizados en su arsenal terapéutico son capaces de reducir su morbimortalidad y por qué mecanismos ocurre esto. Los estudios recientes han investigado el impacto de los medicamentos disponibles en el manejo de la IC, destacando la eficacia de los inhibidores del cotransportador SGLT2, los beta-bloqueadores, los bloqueadores del sistema renina-angiotensina-aldosterona, y los inhibidores de la neprilisina y los receptores de la angiotensina en la reducción de la morbimortalidad. La sinergia entre estas clases de medicamentos, la individualización del tratamiento y la constante actualización de los profesionales de la salud sobre el tema son fundamentales para optimizar los resultados clínicos y aumentar la supervivencia en estos pacientes con IC.

Citas

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Publicado

25/02/2024

Cómo citar

SOARES, F. A. .; REIS, A. Medicamentos que reducen la morbimortalidad en pacientes con insuficiencia cardíaca: Una revisión de literatura. Research, Society and Development, [S. l.], v. 13, n. 2, p. e11413245141, 2024. DOI: 10.33448/rsd-v13i2.45141. Disponível em: https://rsdjournal.org/index.php/rsd/article/view/45141. Acesso em: 22 nov. 2024.

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Sección

Ciencias de la salud