Recolección de muestras de diversidad microbiana en el aire y análisis de la calidad del aire en un entorno escolar brasileño
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.33448/rsd-v14i5.47514Palabras clave:
Contaminación del aire; Ambiente escolar; Muestreo microbiano; Sedimentación pasiva; Áreas interiores y exteriores; Análisis microbiano.Resumen
Los microorganismos son esenciales para los ecosistemas, desempeñando roles cruciales en la salud ambiental, humana y animal. En salud pública y One Health, comprender su dinámica en el ambiente es clave para prevenir y controlar enfermedades. Este estudio investiga la diversidad de bacterias transportadas por el aire en un ambiente escolar en Cuiabá, Brasil, mediante la técnica de sedimentación pasiva. Se recolectaron muestras de aire en zonas internas y externas, como baño, cafetería, sala de profesores, aula y una cancha deportiva. En cada sitio, dos placas de Petri se expusieron por 15 minutos. Las muestras fueron incubadas por 48 horas a 37°C, seguidas de análisis morfológico y examen microscópico. Sorprendentemente, las áreas externas, especialmente la cancha, mostraron mayores concentraciones de bacterias, lo que contrasta con la creencia de una mayor carga microbiana en espacios cerrados. Esto resalta que incluso áreas ventiladas naturalmente requieren atención para garantizar la calidad del aire en espacios públicos. Además, se observó crecimiento de hongos en dos muestras, destacando los riesgos ambientales. Los resultados subrayan la importancia de mejorar las estrategias de higiene y gestión ambiental en escuelas para mitigar los riesgos de exposición a microorganismos transportados por el aire.
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Derechos de autor 2025 Fernanda Lucia Pinheiro Marques de Sousa; Isabella Smagasz Barros Schneider; Isabela Finocchi Bussiki Cuiabano; Julia Rubina Passare; Maria Clara Capelezzo Palhano; Paloma Dierings Côrtes
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